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this is a Rubens' Tube!
This is a Ruben's Tube
it allows us to obtain a visual representation of an acustic sound wave in Fire!
A Rubens' Tube consists of a long metal pipe with a propane valvue at one end and a speaker attached to the other
a single roll of holes is drilled along the top of the pipe in order to allow the propane gas to escape
when constant frequency is played out of the speaker and into the pipe
the sound wave create a standing wave all along the length of the tube
the resonance of this standing wave
creates a pressure gradient along the pipe
areas of high-pressure push up more gas through the holes in the top
where areas of low pressure push out less
by ingnighting these expelled flames
we obtain our desired visualization of the sound wave in fire.
? ? Mama... OOOO ? ?
For the Karaoke game we used National Instruments myDAQ
to input the the sound from the microphone into our LabVIEW program
at the same time we also input the song that we want to compare the singers to
We then convert the data to the frequency domain by using a fast fourier transform
A Fourier Trasform is a powerful mathematical algorithm that allows us
to see the different frequency components of a sound
let's start with a simple sound like this
? ? (Whisteling) ? ?
if we zoom in we can see that this is just the a sine wave at that particular
frequency of that sound
every sound we hear is made up of many different frequencies
from 20 Hertz
to 20,000 Hertz
we can use an efficient algorithm or fast Fourier transform
also known as an F-F-T
to convert from the time domain to the frequency domain
The frequency domain allows us to see how much of each frequency makes up a sound
bass sounds register in lower frequencies
whereas treble sounds register in high frequencies
we then connect the output from our program to the speaker connected to the Rubens' Tube
by looking at the fundamental frequencies in can tell what note the players are singing
to make a game a bit easier we allow the players to sing in different octaves
say a note is 440 Hz they note in the next octave higher is 880 Hz
and no one below it is 220 Hz we count this as the same note
? ? Born and raised in south Detroit ? ?
? ? special, I wish I was special ? ?
? ? after all, you're my wonderwall ? ?