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We collided gold nuclei
at extremely high velocities,
very close to the speed of light.
When they collided with each other,
as they interacted and came to rest
the motion energy got turned into heat,
made an incredibly hot, new form of matter.
We call it a quark-gluon plasma.
We think it
was the matter that filled the early universe for the first few microseconds.
By studying the anti-matter that's created in these collisions we can try and understand
how matter and anti-matter are perfect mirror images of each other or how they differ.