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So any time that we're dealing with intervals, we can examine them in an ascending fashion
or a descending fashion. If you have a starting note you can create an interval above that
note or below that note. So, for example, if you have the note A and you want to make
a minor 2nd above A, you have A to B flat. If you want to make a minor 2nd below A, you
have A and you have G sharp. Both of these sounds are minor 2nds revolving around the
note A. In one case we had B flat which was above A, and in the second case we had G sharp
which was below A. So, again, just remember minor 2nd is simply a half step. If you want
to create a minor 2nd think of a half step below a note or above a note.