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disseminated intravascular coagulationn is a bleeding state caused by rapid activation
of clotting factors, which subsequently leads to a deficiency of clotting factorsdisseminated
intravascular coagulationn is a consumptive coagulopathy that most often occurs in the
setting of sepsis, neoplasms, or trauma.Causes of this are numerous and can be remembered
by the mnemonic phrase, "STOP Making New Thrombi," with important causes being represented by
S-T-O-P-M-N and T. S stands for sepsis, , T for trauma, O for obstetric complications,
, and P for acute pancreatitis, The M represents malignancy, , N for nephrotic syndrome, , and
T for transfusion,.Common symptoms and signs include bleeding from venipuncture sites,
hematuria, and petechiae. note that disseminated intravascular coagulationn should be considered
in the differential diagnosis for pregnant patients with thrombocytopenia, along with
thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura. also note that fragmented red blood cells (schistocytes)
are seen in microangiopathic hemolytic anemias, which include Dee eye see, hemolytic uremic
syndrome, and thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura.
Treatment includes administration of fresh frozen plasma to replenish clotting factors,
as well as cryoprecipitate and platelets. Patients often need large amounts of blood
products, as administered products are often consumed as part of the ongoing Dee eye see
process. There is an increased risk of both bleeding and clotting, and the risk of mortality
is high. note that treatment of Dee eye see should be aimed at treatment of the underlying
condition. They suggest that blood products should be given in cases of bleeding, and
not solely to correct lab abnormalities.