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Who will profit from patent migrants?
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The topic we are going to discuss today we really consider a rather acute one.
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On July 1st new amendments to the law on foreign citizens were introduced.
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These amendments are to regulate the record-keeping of labour migrants.
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This coincides with such a thing as a patent,
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which according to the Federal Service of Migration,
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will help labour migrants that work not for companies but for individuals to become legalized.
Today we are going to identify why Russia needs such regulation,
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whether we need it and, the most important thing, if labour migrants need it.
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Renat Karimov, the Chairman of the Central Commitee of labour migrants:
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According to the Federal Service of Migration only 6 or 7% of all labour migrants work in Russia legally.
This figure was announced by the head of the Federal Service during his meeting
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with the Prime Minister several months ago.
He said that 334,000 people work in accordance with the labour laws.
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I think that since then the situation may have become even worse as in 2010
we live in such circumstances when the quota on labour migrants has been reduced.
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That means that there's a great problem since migrants constitute 10%
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of the economically active population in Russia.
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So we can say that they play a great role in the socio-economic development of Russia.
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They all work in productive spheres and many of them work
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more than 8 hours a day, more than 5 days a week,
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in work intensive jobs and sometimes they have more than one job.
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However they are often criticized for low qualifications, but this may be not only their problem.
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And in such circumstances, when migrants are compelled to work illegally
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such an instrument as a patent will help them to legalize their labor
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and pay taxes into the federal budget.
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We consider this to be a remarkable step and will support it in every possible way.
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Nikolai Glagkov, the secretary of the Federation of the Independent Trade-Unions of Russia:
By this measure we can legalize a huge number of unregistered labour migrants
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who are working as gardeners, nannies and builders for individuals, for example in the Moscow suburbs. According to the federal service of migration about 40% of labour migrants
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annually coming to Russia work for individuals.
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If each of them pay 1000 rubles a month the total sum will be,
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And if this is only 40% of all workers, the total amount will be rather big.
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But we want you to pay attention (we have already underlined it)
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it's not hard to calculate, about 3-3.5 billion rubles.
that these employees are in fact not protected by the law and cannot enjoy their rights.
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We have stressed that even in the new edition of the law
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working issues are regulated not by the labour contracts but by the civil law contracts.
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It was so and it will be so.
But how will the state control this sphere?
With what body, the Federation of Labour or the Prosecutor"s Office? It still isn't clear.
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Vyacheslav Postavnin, the president of the "Migration in the 21st century" fund:
It must have been the wish to raise (if there are 3 billion potential patent-holders)
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36 billion rubles that was a main incentive to introduce such a measure.
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Well... that's a really great sum (especially when we have a budget deficit)
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that will help us to solve all the problems quickly.
From this point of view everything is fine.But what concerns me is that there is no mechanism.
Perhaps it's common in Russia, but it's not enough to advance such a slogan
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and feel quite satisfied that we will look pretty nice to our foreign partners in the epoch of innovations.
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It is necessary to provide a certain mechanism. If we add to 3.7 million potential patent-holders,
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the quota of 2.5 million people who are going to get a work-license we will have 5-7 million people.
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-And they all have to legalize themselves.
This supposes that the Federal Service of Migration will be unable to do it.
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Just imagine how a man from Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Armenia or Azerbaijan - it doesn't matter -
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would fill in all the necessary papers in the office of the Federal Service of Migration. Today young people hardly know the Russian language. How much time should an official spend on him? To help him fill all the necessary forms?
That's a great problem, that's almost impossible to do! That's why I am so surprised when the Federal Service of Migration
puts in the bill a statement that each labour migrant should be present during the registration.
They are not ready! They will not manage to do it! There is not the necessary staff and no infrastructure.
How they are going to do this remains a mystery for me.
This means that everything will remain as usual, with mediators and different arrangements.
Isn't the experience of 2007 enough? I hope that the legislators will take all this into consideration.
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That the migrant presence would be unnecessary and he will be able to extend his patent by paying somewhere else.
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It will be much easier, he will need only to pay in any bank. However such a document is an unprotected document,
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which can be printed with a help of a xerox-machine in any amount of copies.
And to find out whether it is authentic or fake with a help of online banking is impossible.If a policeman suspects such a receipt he will be right in 50% of all cases.
That's a problem that no one sees and no one is willing to see.
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