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The very common type of reaction that takes place in solution is an Acid-Base reaction
to an acid is a chemical that can donate in eight plus a proton to a base and a base accepts that proton so for example eight ceo
is an acid because a can donate and each plus to water water is acting as a base
when we add this in each plus I draw the aero and that represents that transfer the water turns into that hydro nahum cat ion
and the original hydrochloric acid after loses and each plus is now the chloride an ion
this which the acid from hydrochloric acid to acetic acid
the reaction looks very similar
the differences I write this reaction with arrow's of point both ways because acetic acid
is a weak acid and hydrochloric acid
the row is one directional because hydrochloric acid
happens to be a strong acid
with the weak acid the reaction can go for it in reverse that you find the products exactly the same way
if I add in each plus the water it's going to turn into the hydro knee and cat ion
in the original acetic acid after it loses
in each plus is going to turn into the acetate
an eye
notice the reaction is balanced for atoms and it's also balance for charge
the left hand side two neutral chemicals the right hand side one cat ion one an eye and so the charge is conserved just like the masses can serve
acetic acid is often written CH three COH
this is a very common pattern chemicals that and in COOH so when you see a COH you should recognize that that is an acid
and it's that proton that can be donated to water
so we write that as hide rhodium and then acetate
can also be written see each three COO that the -1 charge
chemicals that contain nitrogen with a loan pair are typically
bases so in each three instead of donating a proton to water
accepts a proton from the water
that makes water in this case the acid
and ammonia is the base
this is also a weak chemical
so we're gonna write this with double arose
products are little bit different
when you add in eight plus to in each three it turns into the ammonium cat ion
and what's left behind on the water act we're a bath in each plus
is the hydroxide an eye
so we're talking about an acid are base
if the chemical a strong that means it's going to react completely
and here are the six, and strong acids
strong bases also react completely
strong bases are group one are group two cat ions
paired up with a which minus so things like
that acid hydroxide sodium hydroxide those and be strong bases