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So let's say the producer
is willing to sell a 100 pens at 3 dollars,
and 75 pens at 2 dollars,
now eventually if the price goes to 3 dollars
and he's actually able to sell pens
at 2 dollars or 1 dollar,
then he must say:
"Well I've actually been able to earn a profit,
a giant amount of profit on top of what my cost price is."
Because I have been able to supply pens
at 1 dollars or 2 dollars,
but no I've been selling it at 3 dollars.
So it's an additional amount that I earn,
And that is related to your consumers surplus idea.
It is called the producer's surplus.
It is basically the amount of welfare that the producer gets
because he is selling above
above what the minimum price is able to sell at.