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our country and all its people
could be in danger of nuclear attack
in minutes by enemy missiles
in hours by enemy aircraft
our cities
hog farm
our factories
prime target would be our air base
with all our aircraft on the ground
our weapons of interception or retaliation not instantly available
we might face another and infinitely more costly
pearl harbor
'em
to avoid dr disasters
some of our aircraft must always be in the sky or on the alert
carrying nuclear weapon
these weapons are always unharmed
they will be harmed only following decision by the president of the united
states
formally the israeli aircraft
with nuclear weapons conform operas line deterrent force indeed don
our shores striking force in case of the fact
d
we'd be american people
understand
and exam
business entity veronica vinyl
but we want to know the backed by bob one question
doing live in danger of nuclear explosion and radioactive fallout
it's one of the bill clinton clash
for one of these nuclear weapons accidentally dropped
did give you the facts
the united states air force present
really bomber carries a nuclear weapon
it is a well designed carefully maintained skillfully blown airplane
bob airplanes just like it
crash and burn
there was no nuclear explosion
no radioactive fallout
are the facts
the bombardier watches over controls as a bit human ingenuity can make them to
prevent accidental mom release
but nuclear weapons have been dropped inadvertently there was no nuclear
explosion
no radioactive fallout
these are the back
and specially instrumented aircraft verify these back in a continuing
nuclear safety program
that ken starr nuclear weapons under controlled conditions
simulate every conceivable hazard
might go to this nuclear safety program is therefore special weapons either at
albuquerque new mexico
in ultra modern laboratory buildings
works scientists in and out of uniform
they work with the incredibly complex equations of nuclear physics which
derive from feinstein's famous relationship of mass to energy
these cryptic figures
programmed into lightning fast computers
uh... the theoretical based upon which these scientists together with those of
the atomic energy commission
and build nuclear weapons safety
by research
design development
and laboratory tests
they insure weapons not yet bill
against an accidental nuclear explosion
they have been doing this successfully
since nineteen forty five
in safety conferences with other defense department agencies and the atomic
energy commission
in thirteen years there've been a few accidents but not one
has resulted in nuclear explosion or radioactive fallout
these are the facts
what keeps our nuclear weapons safe
to understand why there has never been an accidental nuclear explosion
you must first know-how these explosions can be produced
p general principles of nuclear explosions
any explosion is the result of a very rapid release of a great amount of
energy
congressional explosions result from the rearrangement of for adams
in some explosive material
for example in theory of the rearrangement of poland's of hydrogen
carbon
nitrogen and oxygen
produces explosive force
on the other hand
nuclear explosions result promo
rearrangement within feature
this might be by joining together or fusion as in an age from
all week splitting apart
or fishing
as in an eva
at present space bomb explosion starts with vision
solis putting all the nucleus of the apt
is the basic principle of nuclear weapons
all matter is composed of one or more of the one hundred other elements
ollie is the arrows of the meadows you radio and left on him
convenience really pushing to cause nuclear explosion
these elements are mildly radioactive
they met shorter range low penetration of the particles while in their own fish
in st
these awful particles do not have the harmful effects of the longer-range in
stronger gamma rays
which are given off by certain elements such as radio more buy the products of
nuclear fission
the arms of uranium and plutonium are among the heaviest
heavy because the nucleus of the jet and contains large numbers of the
fundamental particles called protons and neutrons
when i'm free neutron hits this nucleus
splits into two parts
releasing more neutrons which may go on to split other nuclei
the resulting fission products become highly radioactive
committing the long-range in dangerous gamma rays
this what nucleus weighs less than the whole point
and this difference in weight is released in the form of energy
nuclear energy
after fishing harmful gamma radiation
before fishing
innocuous alpha
radiation
to build up a nuclear energy release
the fissionable material must be of a certain size shape for density
then one of the neutrons escaping from a split atomic nucleus will interns split
another
and a chain reaction is set up
the masses now releasing nuclear energy but not quickly enough to cause a
nuclear explosion
this condition is called critical
if the masses now suddenly increased
so that more neutrons are trapped each time an atomic nucleus is split
uh... multiplying chain reaction is maintained
now the masses supercritical causing a nuclear explosion
them so they have the fissionable material can be as important as mass in
building up a nuclear explosion
the same stared can be compressed
sold at the adams are closer together and neutron split more atomic nuclei
making these smaller mass critical
if compressed still more
uh... multiplying chain reaction sets in
causing the mass to become supercritical in a nuclear explosion
nuclear weapons make use of both of these principles
i've gotten type device can increase the mass of fissionable material to a super
critical state instantaneously
once i'm critical mass is propelled forcibly into another by an ordinary
parker charge
the increased mass becomes supercritical
multiplying chain reaction bills up until
the nuclear explosion
obviously if any mechanical device keeps these two sub critical mass is apart
the weapon is nuclear safety
applications of this fact prevent accidental nuclear explosions in gotten
type weapons
another kind of nuclear weapon is the implosion type
it compresses the fissionable material to greater density to make it
supercritical
to do this this paris in close by a shell of ordinary explosive designed a
direct its explosive force n_-word
this effect is called implosion
the detonators attached to the explosive are connected to a complex firing device
which can fire every detonators simultaneously
when all the explosive is that related simultaneously
the nuclear material is compressed into a super critical mass
which results in a nuclear explosion
implosion type weapons are nuclear safe because only the specially-designed
firing device
can produce the simultaneous detonation of all the ordinary explosive
a deliberate effect possible only by the precise firing mechanism
jonas angled at a later be fired accidentally whether by
malfunction crash impact or fire
the explosive would not provide the all-around compression necessary for
implosion
instead it might push the nuclear material out of the shell
breaking into small pieces or eventbrite
this sound fission material and that's only a powerful particles because no
nuclear explosion has taken place
these up articles do not penetrate the skin
the simplest precautions can prevent darien taken to the body
and the simplest cleanup measures can remove them
so you see each type of nuclear weapon has its own sake there's against
accidental nuclear explosion
these
artifacts
and they are based upon practice as well as the area
specially instrumented aircraft ply the tests that verify what happens inside a
weapon
what accident hazards the nuclear components may have to withstand
nuclear safety is everybody's business
although air force flies the test missions
scientists and technicians from the atomic energy commission and other
services
man the test range and evaluate the findings of the elaborate
instrumentation
brown's list measure impact characteristics of various weapons like
pair maybe without nuclear components
so that this president aerial is not wasted
they supplement the destination tests that have been made with the complete
nuclear weapons
impact
rorschach
does not cause nuclear explosion or radioactive fallout
one has exploded is the ordinary explosive which is an essential part of
nuclear weapons
the ordinary explosive in a nuclear weapons can be a hazard
exactly as in a conventional bomb
depending upon the amount and location of the explosive
and the speed of height of the drop
we may experience a variety of ordinary explosion
large ones
small ones or none at all from him
fact of the bomb
beside the hazard if in fact frequent tests are run palmer has of the fire
to learn what temperatures and pressures would be created inside a weapon by an
aircraft fired
various types of bombs are subjected to a flame bad of burning fuel
because firewood also destroy the pressures nuclear materials it is
replaced by instruments
their readings are compared with known characteristics of the fissionable
material
to assure the temperatures higher than any aircraft fire will not set off a
nuclear explosion
the characteristic lifeline indicates that the ordinary explosive his burning
in the web
sometimes the explosive detonators because of close on the line and
intensity
petals of such explosions are measured and compared with those in an actual
nuclear weapons
prior and ordinary explosives do not create the conditions necessary for
nuclear explosion
these are the facts
and i'm a vast desert ranges of the atomic energy commission
the facts are verified by safety testing live prototypes of all new weapons
before they go into production for our stockpiled
the tests are costly in money and manpower
even more costly in the fissionable materials on which our nuclear strength
depends
lot they do provide insurance against nuclear accidents
which make them a bargain at any price
some take place deep in the earth
fantastically complex instruments replace the five senses
they record what happens when some of the explosive that surrounds the nuclear
material of a new weapon is deliberately decimated
they record only an ordinary explosive blast
a random detonation has not created the implosion which would compresses the
nuclear materials to a super critical mass
there was no one nuclear explosion
knoll radioactive fallout
each new design must be proved
nuclear safe
able to withstand accidents
or random explosive
other tests with nuclear weapons are made above ground
these are also designed to test a nuclear safety of new weapon types by
intentionally decimating the explosive which surrounds the fissionable material
and
sometimes these tests also provide data on the side effects to be expected
if the fissionable material is broken up by the explosion
air samplers and test pads are used to gauge the area
intensity and duration of the east side effects
in this way they learn not only what does not happen when the charges
deliberately fired
rot what does
the explosive does break up the nuclear material and scatter parts of it over a
small area
this fissionable material is mildly radioactive
if the explosion or fire should suspend any of this material in dust or small
it should not be inhaled or otherwise taken into the body in quantity
that is why the train monitoring and clean up crews may wear respirators
until air samplers or alpha counters have determined that no injurious
concentration exists
the alpha particles emitted do not penetrate skin or clothing so this
material is harmless one on the ground
only simple clean up measures are necessary plus an effort to find and
save the valuable material
the findings from all test setup to measure possible radiological hazard are
no external radioactive hazard from material on the ground
slide radioactive hazard from prolonged in relation of material suspended in a
small area near the accident
but not in
from the short exposures necessary for firefighting rescue
or clean up of the small area involved
these are the fact
facts that have dispelled the fearsome myths about accidents involving nuclear
weapons
for anyone near an accident whether or not the crashed airplane carries a
nuclear weapon
here are the safe and simple rules
stay away from the crash unless you are needed for rescue bystanders endanger
themselves and hamper others to be safe keep at least a quarter of a mile away
from any vernon airplane
at this distance u_s_a_ from the flames which makes both the jet fuel from
detonating explosives and from flying debris
these are the real dangers in rescue or fire hasn't always been there
and if necessary cleaned up by specially trained teams
other specialist care for burned or underestimated pieces of ordinary
explosive
until this is done
access to any crash area is controlled
to prevent accidents and speed up the work
the test you have seen improved the safety of our nuclear weapons program
over and over again
but the grim reality is the payoff
house save is a nuclear bomber coming in for a crash landing
sn though bound he had to be crash landing nor the fire which often follows
not even decimation of the ordinary explosive in the west and cause nuclear
explosion for radioactive fallout
the safety it was designed in during research
built-in during development
proved in the laboratory and on the range
has withstood the ultimate
tragic test
these are the back
they proved that you the american people
in st paul st
and strong
because the weapons your air force must carry have been tested nuclear saying
the possibility of an accidental nuclear explosion he is also on
has to be practically non-existent
strong because an air force nuclear arms and combat ready stands guard against
surprise attack
under the shelter
you and your family made live in peace
freed from the fear of nuclear accidents