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"Salmonella in Chicken and Turkey: Deadly But Not Illegal"
When researchers at the Emerging Pathogens Institute recently ranked foodborne pathogens
to figure out which was the worst, #1 on their list was Salmonella--
ranked the food poisoning bacteria with the greatest public health burden in our country, the leading cause of food poisoning-related hospitalization,
and the #1 cause of food poisoning – related death. Where do you get it from?
Well, I've talked about the threat of eggs.
According to the FDA, 142,000 Americans are sickened every year by eggs contaminated with Salmonella.
That's an egg–borne epidemic every year!
But Salmonella in eggs was only ranked the #10 worst pathogen food combination.
Salmonella in poultry ranks even worse -- the #4 worst infected food in the United States,
in terms of both cost and quality-adjusted years of life lost.
In terms of the "Burden of Human" Salmonella poisoning attributable to various US foods,
eating chicken maybe eight times riskier than eating eggs.
Due to strengthening of food safety regulations under the Clinton administration
the number of Americans food-poisoned by chicken every year dropped from about 390,000 a year to 200,000.
And rightly hailed as a significant accomplishment.
So now eating chicken only sickens about 200,000 people in the U.S. every year.
But isn't that a bit like some toy company boasting that they've reduced the amount of lead in their toys
and so are now poisoning 40% fewer kids! Not exactly something to boast about.
And the numbers have since rebounded back upwards.
In the late 90s human Salmonella cases have increased by 44% since then.
The rebound in incidence of Salmonella infection in the United States is likely a result of several factors,
but one important risk factor singled out is eating chicken,
as the proportion of chicken carrying salmonella infection has increased.
When people think manure in meat they typically think ground beef,
but when you look at E.coli's levels in meat, which "is considered an indicator of fecal contamination",
sure, there's fecal matter in about 2/3 of American beef,
but that number is greater than 80% fecal contamination in poultry – chicken and turkey.
Why have we seen a decrease in the Jack-in-the-Box E. coli 0157, but not chicken-borne Salmonella?
In the last decade or so the infection of beef and subsequently children have dropped like 30%.
But not only has Salmonella not declined in the past 15 years, it's actually increased lately.
One reason is that there was a prohibition of contamination with the deadly E. coli in beef.
What a concept!
So selling contaminated beef is illegal.
Why is beef–laced with E. coli contaminated fecal matter considered adulterated,
but chicken laced with Salmonella contaminated fecal matter A-ok?
It certainly kills more people than the banned E. coli.
It all goes back to a famous case in 1974, when the American Public Health Association sued the USDA saying, "Wait a second!" –
"You can't put a stamp of approval for wholesomeness on meat contaminated with Salmonella!"
What could the USDA possibly say in meat's defense?
As relayed by the Circuit Judge, the USDA pointed out that there have been Salmonella outbreaks linked to dairy and eggs for example too.
So since "there are numerous sources of contamination which might contribute to the overall problem"
it would be "unjustified to single out the meat industry and ask that the Department require IT to identify its raw products as being hazardous to health."
That's like the tuna industry arguing there's no need to label cans of tuna about mercury levels
because you could also get exposed to eating thermometers!
The DC Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the meat industry position, though,
arguing that you can allow potentially deadly Salmonella in meat because (and I quote)...
"American housewives are…normally not ignorant or stupid and their methods of preparing and cooking of food do not ordinarily result in" Salmonella food poisoning.
What! That's like saying,"Oh, minivans don't need seatbelts in the backseat because soccer moms don't ordinarily crash into things...!
Now 39 years later 200,000 Americans sickened every year by Salmonella,
that continues to be legally allowed in chicken.