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Hey everybody and welcome. Today we're talking about blood. Why can't anybody
give blood to just anybody? What are blood types? Why do we have
blood types? You'd think that, you know, with everybody
being human we'd be able to give blood willy-nilly though that seems to be not
the case. Not that vampires seem to mind or do they? Do vampires prefer like a b- or...
I wonder... oh it doesn't matter that's a topic for another day, back to the topic
at hand. Or rather... my hand. In my hands... it's
inside though, you can't see it. Why do people have different blood types and why can't
you mix certain ones together. Everyone has one of the four blood types A, B, AB
or O and they are inherited from your parents. Human blood types most likely
came to exist to fend off infectious diseases.
I mean why just those four blood types though you know how about a, how about
a blood type C you know then then you really got something
your blood is determined by the presence or absence of two antigens A and B they
chill out on the surface of red blood cells
a third antigen called rh (rhesus) factor will either be present or absent making your
blood type positive or negative. Antigens are substances that may trigger an
immune response causing your body to launch an attack if it believes they are
foreign racists the incompatibility of some blood types it's a it's really just
kind of an accidents of evolution of the four blood types blood type a it's the
oldest it existed before humans even evolved dinosaur blood you be the judge
type B is stuff to have originated about 3.5 million years ago from a genetic
mutation that modified one of the antigens that sit on a surface of red
blood cells starting about 2.5 million years ago mutations occurred that
rendered that antigen in active creating blood type Bo which has neither the A or
B version of the antigen and then there is a B which is covered with both a and
B jhin's it's thought that different blood
types developed as a way to help protect humans from infectious diseases
for instance cells infected with malaria don't stick as well to Type O or type B
blood cells which means that a person with type O blood may get less sick if
they're infected with malaria than someone with a different blood type and
perhaps not so coincidentally regions that have higher rates of malaria such
as Africa they also have higher rates of type O blood the antigens on the surface
of blood cells are what makes some blood types incompatible if blood from a Type
A donor were given to a person with tight beat the recipients immune system
it would recognize the foreign antigens as an invader and launch an attack so
that's the why but what about the what would happen if you got a different type
of blood well the results would be ***
okay Jennifer if incompatible blood were given in a transfusion the donor cells
are treated as if they are foreign invaders and the patient's immune system
attacks them accordingly not only is the blood transfusion rendered useless but a
potentially massive activation of the immune system and clotting system can
cause shock kidney failure circulatory collapse and death
now in my opinion it would be a bad idea to give somebody a blood transfusion
from a blood type they're not compatible with but hey that's just my opinion type
o-negative blood it's known as the universal donor because if you give that
to somebody else it won't cause a reaction I bet 57% of Hispanics 51% of
African Americans 45% of Caucasians and 40% of Asians in the US have type O
blood so you can get a blood transfusion from other blood types but only certain
ones and the reason we have different types of blood is you two genetic
mutations that occurred in our ancestors millions of years ago and if you give
the wrong blood type to somebody yes tisk there you have it my guess