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Hi, This is Tom Taylor with English lessons and today what we gonna do is we gonna talk
about verbs. Typically a verb describes an action , something that you do. For example
you can hit something. You can talk to someone, you can say something, you can eat something.
A verb can also describe a condition. Something can be something or actions that don't seem
to be actions. For example, i can live. Verbs also have infinitive forms, where you add
preposition "to". So the infinitive form of be is to be, do is to do, have is to have,
eat is to eat, and so forth for all of the other verbs. These are also the forms that
you find in a dictionary. Then there are also main verbs versus helping verbs. The main
verb will typically describe the action. For example, I drink coffee. The helping verb
will typically modify the action. For example , I should drink coffee this morning or can
be used to describe the future. I will work tomorrow. Those are helping verbs. One of
the main forms of the helping verbs are the modals. These are verbs that modify the verb
and typically describe some sort of probability related to the use of the word. For example
Should , would, could which i call shoulda , coulda, woulda. But did you? No, i did not.
Then there is future. I will do something. Or necessity. I must do something or I can
lift a hundred pounds. These modals they all modify the form of the verb to create a different
meaning. Most verbs are regular verbs. What this means is that the past form of the verb
gets an "ed" on the end. And the "ed" also functions as the past participle of the verb
which is used in various sentence structures typically in the passive form. For example
i walk to the store, i walked to the store. I work today. I worked yesterday. Then there
are other verbs which are irregular verbs and typically irregular verbs are very common
things that you do every day. For example i drink coffee. I drank coffee. I sleep today.
I slept yesterday. I sweep my room. I swept my room yesterday. I sing a song today. I
sang a song yesterday. Irregular verbs follow their own rules. Instead of "ed" each verb
has its own rule how it's changed from its present form to the past form and also to
the past participle. For example i do my work, i did my work. My work was done. The past
participle is commonly called the third form. Typically this form is used when a verb is
used in the passive form. Also when the verb is used in the perfect tense. The example
I use : the work is done. The work has been done. Or I have done my work. I have drunk
coffee. We also have what is called phrasal verbs. These are verbs where a preposition
is added onto the end of the verb to modify the meaning. Typically the prepositions are
pointing to direction ,for example up, down, in, out, on, off. So , for example, the wind
can blow or someone can blow up a balloon. Or a storm can blow down the house. The wind
can blow down the house which means that it caused the house to fall. or the wind can
blow down a tree which means that it caused the tree to fall. Or someone can blow up a
balloon, which means to fill up the balloon with air. Verbs can be inflected to change
the meaning of the verb. If the verb does not have anything extra added to it, that's
the bare form of the verb. If it has something added , that's an infection on the verb. For
example you can add an "-ing" on the end of the verb to create a sense of continuity or
you can have an "-ed" on the end of the verb to create a sense of completion. Similarly
verbs will have tenses. For example present tense- I eat. I ate- for the past form. I
will eat - for the future form. There is also what is called mood. The normal use of the
world is called the indicative. There is also what's called the imperative. That's where
the bare form of the verb is used to basically order people around. So somebody can say "stand
up", "sit down", "drink your coffee!". That's the imperative. There is also the conditional
form which is similar to "if-then" statement. I can say : if it is Monday then i go to work.
There are different uses of the conditional to create relationships between different
sentences. Then there is voice which is typically expressed as the active and the passive. For
example , the boy kicks the ball which is active. Or the ball is kicked by the ball,
which is passive. In addition, the form of the verb must agree with the person. There
is first person, second person, third person. Singular, plural. So I eat, you eat, he eats.
The key here is that the third person singular gets the "s". I read, you read, he reads.
i write, you write, she writes. Then there are two main categories of verbs. One is called
transitive, which means that the verb has an object. You can think of the subject of
the verb transporting itself through the verb to get to the object. You can also think of
the subject as actually touching the object. For example , i hit the table, or i drink
the coffee. Then there are intransitive forms of the verb with no direct object necessary.
For example : i sleep, i eat. Then there are also intransitive verbs that may have an object
, but the object is not a direct object. For example i walked to the store. In which case
we need a preposition to describe the relationship between the subject , the verb and the object.
Then there are also state of being verbs, also known as linking verbs. For example , i
m hungry, i m tired. Typically these describe conditions. Or another example would be " i
become" which is similar to the verb "be". I become hungry when i don’t eat. This was
our today's lesson on verbs. Thank you very much for watching. Stay tuned.