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It's a university of Buddhism.
'Nalam' means the 'lotus flower';
it is the symbol of wisdom.
'Da' means that which gives.
That which gives knowledge is called 'Nalanda'
That which gives wisdom is called 'Nalanda'
Nalanda was built in 5th Century CE during the reign of Kumara Gupta.
Then it was renovated in 7th century CE during the reign of HarshVardhan.
Then in 9th century CE during reign of king Devpal it was again renovated.
In 12th CE the Mughal emporer Bakhtiyar Khilji completely destroyed Nalanda University
After that destrction all what remained was a big mountain (of rubble)
The English archaeologist Alexander Cunningham excavated this area.
he excavated one square kilometer.
Chinese monk Hsuan-Tsang is a student of this Nalanda University and a schollar.
According to Hsuan-Tsang's records Nalanda university was 10 kilometers long and 5kilometers wide,
It had 10,000 students and 1,500 teachers
According to Hsuan-Tsang records ('Great Tang Records on the Western Regions') Nalanda had 3 libraries
The first was Ratnododhi, second Ratnasagar and the third Ratnaranjaka
These nine stories tall libraries burnt for 6 months
Pandit Silabhadra - a Bengali national,
bikku Dharmapala - a Sri Lankan was Vice Chancellor of this University.*
Pandit Silabhadra was in 7th century CE, Bikkhu Dharmapala was in 9th century CE.
Not Anagarika Dharmapala, it's bikkhu Dharmapala.
Anagarika dharmapala belongs to our time
Bikku Dharmapala was in 9th century and he was vice Chancellor of this university.
That entrance is a new entrance, not the old entrance.
These are all rooms of students.
These were built in Gupta dynasty. And renovated during HarshVardhan dynasty. then again renovated during Devpal dynasty.
the bottom level belongs to 5th Century, next level belongs to 7th Century and the top level belongs to 9th Century.
so it was built during 3 dynasties on 3 occasions.
Is my sinhala good? :)
ppl hurry up...
This level (top level) belongs to 9th century. during devpal dynasty.
each of these are student's room, bedrooms, and lecture rooms, and stage of the lecturer.
That there is the well.
So this was a dwelling for the student monks.. A complete hostel.
According to Hsuan-Tsang's record Nalanda university was 10 kilimeters long, 5km wide, only 1 Square kilometer was excavated.
this is the plan model of that 1 square kilometer.
This line is all dwellings of the monks. this line is all temples.
This is the main temple.
These are each student's room. Lecture hall, Lecture's stage. Food stores, water well. all the buildings in this line.
This line is all temples
and that there is the main temple.
All these buildings in this line are all temples and this this is the main temple.
Before 2500 year ago Lord Buddha has come to this place. During that time this was the Pavarika's Mango grove.
In Rajgir there was the Bamboo grove, in Nalanda it was the Mango grove.
Two chief disciples of Lord Buddha were, Sariputta and Maha Moggallana.
Sariputta's village was Upathissa. Moggallana's village was Kolitha.
Sariputta's relic stupa was built here.
Then during emporer Asoka's time a Budhist temple was built here.
Then during Kumar Gupta's time the university was built here.
So here is the Sariputta relic monument.
Sariputta relic stupa
Moggallana relic stupa is in Sanchi
and these small small stupas are dedicated for the students and the teachers
Amoung the famous schollars and teachers of Nalanda University are
?*, Buddhagosha, Ashvaghosha, Padmasambhava, Vasumathi*, Gunamathi, Shanthideva, Aryadeva, Vasubandhu, Nagarjuna, were all professors, Lecturers, teachers of this Nalanda Universities.
But nowadays its only Yodonandan Singh.
Sorry, Those days female students were not admitted to Nalanda University. Only bikkus not bikkunis.
Those days only male were allowed no females were allowed.
But these days have changed. Now ladies are first.
Nowadays has changed.
So these are all temples. And these are all hostels.
So thank you a lot! are u Happy?