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said this in the final section and him you know applications section five
first question is
you'd most likely be in entirely
i help five two would to the following patients hehehe transplant patient
well first of all let's go back to in tile five citizens in china suppress
i'll fired one missile five do
it increases the expression bsnl fails
so in other words when you wanna eliminate nielsen fails
where are they involve their modern parasitic infection clarence that
finally be ready to give him your list to fill the b_n_p_ respect
or there also
uh... involved and allergic reactions right negative nancy recruited to the
scene of the crime
in their in that particular case
so we're probably gonna think were like you want to get rid of some kind of
allergies to keep that in the back your mind when you're really
me answers
so transplantation now that's miami thing to do with that
me add at patient with a helmet infestation
well yeah that you know
yes if they have to do whatever you want one of your return them
ivc an asthmatic patient yes that sounds good and that's the correct answer or
deep
to prevent humility disease of the newborn
uh... no that's not gonna do that in that case you want any anybody
uh... essentially to what every inviting into buying a body that the mother
can produce which we can go into
uh... later
v_r_ sorry question number two is clinical trials are targeting
c_t_ l_a_ dash four
which in the politicians would benefit from any impact
c_t_ l_a_ before you can body
in other words
it's a
it so monoclonal antibodies
two-seat c l_ a_ four silly image
activates c_t_a_ late for scenario was seated on a four does is
that's going to be the recon that's going to be a long jill
that instead of of it's gonna bind
and scan the bind on the endangered presenting cells
uh...
cd eighty eighty six
slats in the seventy s one two date so when is this team selby cell interaction
antes del yet the cd twenty eight
that's the coast in later
but not it's not the coasting when it's the one that puts in river city l_a_
dash four so if you wanted to make an intent by dates in this
to wear
you're not going to
be able to have the interaction between c_t_ l_a_ four and cd
eighty eighty six could you get a big fan anybody sitting on this
history characterize it
win would that be useful singing wants in so the question is asking
a time where you really want your immune system may be
to be tweaked you don't want it to be suppressed okay
said to have that in mind when you read the fine questions eight melanoma
patients
that sounds good to the monolayers cancer we know that t
uh... mediated immunity can help clear cancer particularly as it starts to
that punching out those singing
cytotoxic t cells
so that's a good answer let's go with that one but let's continue beers
patients with caution us disease housing mode as it is that
twenty cell media cell-mediated autoimmunity minority that we don't want
to suppress
they're very mechanism designed to regulate
an r_d_ bear
admittedly gone wild sell they often badly out doing too much in the in and
behavior
at sea is a p
cd patients and i believe it or hate it spreads look back and is that the
sensibly
those patients get in that situation because of a non-union situation as i
recall the air protein
so you have a lot of the end of crap at these associate with that again
you don't want to miss sake wanting increase the regulation
might increase in
to that's a bad answer d transplantation similarly
allowed transplant rejection we're gonna get to that section in the mall in the
transplant addiction
can be cell-mediated
so again
you want more regulation in that cell mediated responses otherwise
hedonists you at that
an attack that new
organ uh... and therefore reject the transplant and then
uh...
it said the answer is going to be
in this particular case the answer is going to be
a melanoma patients
because
uh... yes in fact he would wanna suppress
suppressor
no mercy after rehearsal r_t_e_ education is entered into clinical trial
to enhance immune recognition
of her tumor antigen
so this
there p would include what so it's a so were were looking for is immune
recognition
so ad
in again this is what they call it translational medicine where you use in
rescinding on g_a_t_t_ specific diseases
and in g_m_ csf now that's just a growth factor
for granulocyte monocytes
the file seven no that's not mean recognition that the growth factor for
your lymphocytes missiles t_-cells incase ills
the c_i_o_ three now that's just a team of poetic you know overall catch all
growth factor
d interferon gamma and know that smack phase acting bacteriol suppresses teach
one
eat holst
dendritic cells
that the answer now this is something
uh... again that you know probably in the afternoon every detail about this
now but you should know that why the other ones are not correct
but upholstery doing cell
i kenna again i live in a so that i think of them kind of like these little
but you know so what happens is
depot lati patients tended excel cell
and then you introduce a new poll patient and the cancer cells out to in
the new internees
beginning sells to the cancer cells almost like taking somebody's
who's lost in the words any given you know that person's union to let him
insured
got a guy and then they go out and they look and then they try to find it
similar to that and then what happens is
inundating so gets put back in the patient
and now he's a very smart about they cancer cell
and he's going to present like a training in dolly's c_e_o_ t_-cells in
order to get uh... out more
uh... a more robust them are specific to cell response for that particular cancer
and that's the way i understand it
number four is
and your patient is being treated with as ill are
another name for his own lori's uh...
o'malley is a man okay which yet has that needs the u_n_ it compras ilu imax
and in fact jeannie drug that is a recombinant d_n_a_
derive from
human because it's got ben see you monoclonal antibody
so when did your patient had no have tonight not been verified yet to know is
that it's intact hygiene so when would you want me and tag gene job
well a content piercing infections now again eat you don't
you know i do you can help you clear parasitic infections so you don't want a
kite g out of that fight
be moderate to severe asthma yes that would be a great answer
that's the correct answer c graft rejection on the rotunda
t cell-mediated uh... immunity and these s_ l_ e_
no that's the day so weak
uh... is immuno pathology but he has nothing to do with i'd she
number five is which of the points at kinds would help a patient who is in you
know
incompetent
bekasi one increase the immune system
consist gag never have enough
so i'll ten absolutely not because that is as we know suppresses teach winds but
apart from the start time
the i have
for now that's going to push cities to response seat egypt they didn't know
that's gonna also with part of the teenage two responses so i can help you
with them you know incompetency d
i help twenty-one i'll twenty-one remember
is part of the teenage seventeen seven times it actually
are instrumental in sliding you know new infections particularly fungal
infections and
you know the bad side of it is too much state seventeen can be implicated mean
information i don't plan to toward uses
but then said evidence it does
increase immune system so that's gonna be the right answer
units and he is i have five
now that i mean yosef bills are not going to do a whole lot for him
in terms of the you know how can you tell claire pathogens
cousin sister like say apart from
apart from the air
you how much they weren't analyze them
no mercy are sorry
king would be in the letters are six
went to the following therapies
an increase in the side akan would help a at cancer patient okay so
you know i think about
and then release a clearly what kind of cancer patient but bear with me on the
list which of these is not like the other
g_m_ csf okay that definitely
uh... yes the right answer 'cause remember that cancer
acl their peers we know right now
uh... for the most partisan it kills everybody okay it's not particularly
intelligent uh... apart from these new immuno base
there please
so you end up
killing cells that divide rapidly we all know that you remember that your friends
in the immune system are very active cells and so they oftentimes
dot in the case chemotherapy and therefore you cannot patients are
susceptible to infection sector
the way you can replenish those cells
is by giving them the growth factor for those cells which is this csf
colony-stimulating factor g_m_ grain insight monocytes that's gonna this
could be helpful and of course is joseph do that
i helped and now that's we've already talked about those other options in
detail in the questions than answers eg
number seven is the following cell mediates the pathology
have chronic aditya patrick
particular rhea so cool mediates this pathology
we you know that it's itself
issue with allergy
and so the answer is that looking for mast cells h detainees fan celeb
ingredients and they've been getting cell
you know you checking on gays in the game in excel ever implicated in a
pathology well we talked about h_i_v_ pingbacks on them
and it's not like in in the excel gone bad or something like that uses sort of
that
he's is surf combat pecans and bystanders there like a gag you you know
the criminal means gets in his car and tell them they drive somewhere and
that's kinda how they've been doing so they put a dent in this h_i_v_ story
authorities infected himself unfortunately we know that
uh... so
the beast area did indeed and so the other places coming into senior remember
that
big denuding cell
who's sitting in the tissue right in the debt you know basically
and then he puts a little team calls up into the looming any sample something up
there and he comes down in
hasn't had the same it's better know you can imagine casework
yet a retarded and you know like and left them
and particular contained in the next step
him i recognize something that's pathogenic uncut
presented and then you can get someone on the unity uh... but apart from that
they've been meeting so that pretty
uh... her pretty
uh...
the safest for his immune system is for ourselves co
these cells
well you can add cancer you can't have a mild clip creation
but that's not gonna you know that's not anything that has no new thirty kinda
saying what
sort of things can go wrong with the cells
c_t_a_ monoclonal cliff rationing taking
uh... cancer or
he could have not enough of them
andy t_-cells again
you can have
actually sell the acting to reject things or b cells acting to creek bed
anybody's so i'm certainly going to some of the difference
technologies but neither one of them one cars arctic area
number eight is it your patient suffers from a demand usually localized to the
lips
what is being activated property crimes
this edema
okay i met bad move a little quicker here
in you know if you are not snow that's a reactive oxidant species nature fills
uh... nietzsche pills again uh... you know this view allah all those different
side of times in a minute
have reacted rocks in species
but doesn't rising demand
c five a eight yes he did so involved because the release of
and that histamine
and that is a battle active but it's not what's mediating this particular indymac
brady kind in his also that second it's also been caused pain but not in this
case uh... they demand he kali crime that's the correct answer securely kind
is going to prom is reamer is gonna split that c_-five and see if i may
if you want it in here and it
kali crime
inhibit kelly prime you need that c_-one
and esterase inhibitor
so
people within jilly demand don't have c_-one esterase inhibitor
and therefore they are too much calicut
so if you knew that fact you get it straight away as well
uh... eight is increasingly fifty nine
no that's uh... that's not correct that's related to it
relation the compton
number nine is it is not enter policy does not advised to give inactivated
vaccine
to a patient has recently had a
and transplant that's true
you know when a given even inactivated vaccine to transplant patient
number ten which they find excuses the best for patients
who is immunocompromised
uh... a
inactivated vaccine we just answer that that's a bad answer be d_n_a_ yes that's
good seen alive would have to be
incorrect indy it is not advised to vaccinate immuno compromised patient you
can get a lady in a back seat
number which would be the answer b
number eleven major patient suffers from basket what is it ok with that that
information and the blood vessels okay
an infant at what that says that information of the independent which in
the final would be activated
so it is the into extremes a query donation pathway add no it's actually
the intrinsic pathway which is being in c hagerman factor which is factor twelve
we talked about that in in them
any information and and just now we can we knew that pathway with regard to
kali kind and how that process works
emerged to us in the answer is
vb in simba
number to a major patient as part of it for
hepatitis-b_ intentioned can see me and i have hepatitis b_ anybody just antigen
and
they also have the anti hepatitis a_ n_ t_ buddy
so this ingest what
said that this is a great
uh...
question give you get this kind of questions all the time
see if you have anything to do
that means that in your in your body and then that means you got infected
if they don't say anything about an antibody then that means you know you
still
you you have that
that active infection right now
so that's what we know they have
active hepatitis-b_
if you have any onsite hepatitis a_ anybody
they don't see anything about
any ostriches you know you have any body then
okay
you have immunity to that particular pathogen
now the case of hepatitis
a body
it's in means the entry may six poser any malcolm new spots
now your previous exposure could be like you by infected from you know drinking
bad water or food
working in the ad that's me
either one city answers odd bit beginning answers r_a_f_ good hepatitis
because you have that depends the surfacing antigen
andy previous exposure to hepatitis a_ that's true
and see
do you have a meeting of the tightest be absolutely not because it doesn't say
anything
there at about anybody's
the case you're not gonna you know if you have any kind of immunity
thirteen is measuring c_-three c_-four levels would most
uh... useful in my remaining what
so when the c_-three c_-four levels is
are using up the compliment proteins
right 'cause remembered the compliment
proteins and and flap
they can be a a classical pathway
so if if you don't
how many of those compliment proteins that means you're activating conklin
compliment left and right you're using them up
so when the question is what diseases use up compliment
and the answer would be as we can look through this
and silly and that's a good one in one explained that
in type three aper sense to me in just a moment but as kelli is the correct
answer
the skin patient know that's bt cell-mediated that has nothing to do
with compliment as seed crime granuloma stasi station know that they need peter
oxidase
efficiency indeed bring and britain's patient now number that's that tyrosine
companies deficiency
chair false confessions requires a second
exposure to the offending aging in order to elicit an immune response
no uh... what happens in this case is
your body
uh... mistakenly mistakes the basement membrane saying your long run your
kidney
for bad guy
in increase in anybody's straight away
at sentences in the antibody
mediated pathology
it's called tight to actor sensitivity in will get to ending in just a moment
you don't need a second exposure
that's describing type one
uh... which would be like allergic with i'd g
needed p meant
and then you create these i g ease ultimately isotype switching and then
later even on the payment
that's your second exposure
love painting you get me
anaphylaxis
but good pastors is not that it's just
you'd begin expose cheap remaining body
and it's there
number fifteen your patient presents with the ngo indiana
blocking the final would be
contraindicated okay see you know one of blackness
if the patient has
ngo again
a c_-one inhibitor protein
radiance airplay yet
they barry have a hey yet
adding a round deficiency in this e i wanna blackett right two that's the
right answer
uh... if you black metallic prodi aids is
knows it more through that tight for college in the basement membrane that's
what that does
kali primary fact about how it's but c_-five ending gets into your communion
janeane
splits off in the brady chi minh in sf at selected prepared in stabilizes
and those c_-three com rita's
for the alternator be is that again a regulatory rate with tori for compliment
number sixteen years
this is a little shaky but it's important to see the distinction of
hotties questions can be a aso which in the bond would you use to treat a
patient
rheumatoid
arthritis okay so rheumatoid arthritis is kind of a combination of some
cell-mediated immunity okay
and so we move would you treat them with
and in other words they have too much immunity
so a m is
c_t_ l_a_
four hygiene in other words that you basically create amont so that's like
c_t_a_ four
indian by
and see if they re
cleverly
lines um... if you have a macrophage in very cleverly binds the cv
eighty eighty six
they would normally try to buy into
two-year t_-cell
uh... the cv
but twenty eight
but instead
instead the macrophage finds too
your little immune globulin your little fake c_t_ l_a_ four which is a
regulatory molecule remember from the t_-cells didn't suppresses it doesn't
put it in ford and puts it in reverse
the co stimulation puts it in ever since that
so in this case the answer is eighty two a four and you know problems soluble
fusion
a molecule
interferon gamma no that would increase
your problem hai al two would increase your prom while six would increase your
prom because
you would increase c-reactive protein which would enable at a whole
of any
easy make such a story
in those masks phases to get in there and cause a lot of prominent your joints
in terms of daniel pathology
number seventeen years
we would see um... acetylation where
kneel down by into work
on the antigen presenting cells
i discovered that
right here but i didn't answer the other two so it's all of the above
because although it's not just me in the same thing
number eighteen as a young boy with recurrent staff are disinfection spry
genotype jan's pus
uh... most likely has
went to the following deficiencies we can and we went through this pretty
carefully awhile ago
angy cell now its staff writes a granulocyte disorder because you're
you're having a problem more likely within eighty ph oxidase
serbia's ian serving on site
combined immunodeficiency now
that's a specific to be so t_-cell
anandhi t_-cell mean any no
if he had he's done a mean to have a lot more than just step infections that
would be more like h_i_v_
number nineteen patients are given an impact
c_e_o_ levin antibody
on the basis of this you would expect that all the pond play a role
in their disease
except
for what the pic cc eleven days in adhesion molecule city sales right
tnf-a that increases that so that would
that would be part of it so we're looking for an exception cc all uh...
eleven benefit you listen to fill chemotactic so that seemed to have
nothing to do with that he's insisted amnio significantly acuna tactics so
that's an answer
uh... and the others uh... would have something to do with it
last question
is number twenty your patient suffers from inka listings finalized
he'll like they test positive for wide
uh... is again a b_a_
it chile
b twenty seven
generate l_a_
uh...
the a and abby twenty seven is gonna be attack i a m a c class one man killed
so now the worst he's got any missing class going on till this not behaving
correctly because in his body is recognizing is non self in eastern to
create an immune
i knew pathology
uh... that is the correct answer be enticement anybody's that would be true
four
uh... that would be true four
with this
and see his rheumatoid factor
now would be true for rav rheumatoid arthritis
you know most the time this not it's not mandatory to have that but
but it's often present
and the reason why they always testdata lazy twenty seven is because
it's a this the one n_b_c_ macho aladdin diseases associated with
uh... the body uh... and miss i didn't
mistaking enemy c-class model for a bad guy and attacking that and therefore
causing immuno pathology
many sick do but like so many line rang me percent and the people within close
in spinal agnes have this particular
form the say till a b twenty seven
who's the strongest correlation with regard to nancy class one molecules
and immuno pathology and that's why they frequently test
thank you very much