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kidneys are being shaped organs which filter blood to regulate levels a
waz water and salt in body fluids the NAP ron is the kidneys functional unit
in its first section renal corpuscle
filtration occurs as fluid and small molecules and blood
are filtered from will marry alert capillaries the filtrate is captured
within a chamber
called Bowman capsule the next snap front section
the renal tubule has three parts in series
filtrate within Bowman's capsule
enters the proximal convoluted tubule reabsorption important molecules and
ions from filtrate back into blood occurs here
these include glucose amino acid
vitamins water sodium chloride
bicarbonate and potassium blood vessels receiving reabsorbed species
our parent tubular capillaries a plexus derived from the arterial
leaving the renal corpuscle the renal tubule
continues as the loop of Henle which has a descending limb
passing into the kidney medulla and an ascending limb
returning to the kidney cortex tubular fluid in the loop
undergo significant changes in Oz monic concentration
a countercurrent Multiplier system functions to allow water
only to leave the filtrate by osmosis during the
descent and salt only to leave the filtrate by active transport during low
I sent this creates an osmotic gradient
in medulla interstitial fluid this is necessary to produce concentrated urine
a capillary system they say iraq to
parallels the loop of Henle and participates in salt gradient formation
and maintenance
in the distal convoluted tubule secretion occurs
some way ammonia uric acid
hydrogen ions penicillin are secreted from blood vessels into the renal tubule
if concentrated urine must be produced because I've low fluid levels
anti-diabetic hormone axe on collecting duct mining
cells tube section after distal convoluted tubule
promoting water movement from filtrate into interstitial space
because about modding gradient established and maintained by fluid
inside you movement associated with me with Hanley