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Husam is ready? yeah. okay. . okay, good morning everyone, my name is Husam.
I'm from EAP3, and welcome you all to my presentation. How much do you know about the Philippines
such as location, population, tourism or problems? It is an interesting country, isn't it? OK,
in my presentation today I'm going to talk about the Philippines starting with the country
profile which means introducing some information about location, area, population and some
of the biggest problems. I've divided my presentation into several
parts. In the first part, as I said, I'll introduce the country profile and the main
problems. Then in the next part, I'll discuss the biggest natural problem which is the floods
providing some reasons that cause this natural event. In the third part, I'll talk about
the effects which could result from the floods. In the fourth part, I'll review and focus
on some proposed solutions to stop or avoid the floods. Finally, I'll conclude my presentation.
So now let's start with the first part. The Philippines is located in South East Asia
and; as you can see, this map shows that it is completely bordered by the South China
Sea and Sulu Sea from the west, and the Pacific Ocean from the other sides. It contains about
7,107 islands. According to Library-Congress -- Federal Research Division (2006) the total
area is about 300,000 square kilometres, including about
298,000 square kilometres of land and about 2,000 square
kilometres of water. Its population is about 88,574,614. Many
problems are faced by people in the Philippines. The principle
issues are over population, drugs, high crime rates and a poor
education system and main problem in the Philippines is the
floods every time there is rain. The floods in the Philippines will
be discussed in this presentation including causes, effects and
solutions. OK, so what is a flood? How does it happen?
What are the reasons? It is a natural event which can
have far reaching effects on people and the environment. In
a simple definition, the flood is huge amount of water in unwanted
places such as houses, farms, buildings roads or railways
that caused by heavy rainfall or storms. When heavy rainfall
combines, it will cause rivers or oceans to stream quite quickly
over their banks, and it is possible to happen anytime during
a year. Another suggested reason of flooding is the siltation
of the last several kilometres of the river or the sea. The flood
can be developed by water spreading on the land behind the
rivers or oceans day by day and year by year, particularly, when
there is an extremely heavy rainfall. These floods will
result in a huge loss of people's lives compared with other kinds
of flooding. As you can see at this map the towns and the cities
in the brown colour are the most affected areas by the floods
in the Philippines. This brings us to the next part of my presentation,
the effects of the flood. Floods can be quite serious, for example, they may cut off the
path and prevent public and private transport, in addition to disruption of the phone lines.
Flooding can cause submergence of the low-lying areas as well as buildings landslides. Many
cities and towns in the Philippines are affected by huge severe floods. The Philippines National
Red Cross (PNRC) issued an Information Bulletin in 2004, showing a summary of seriously influenced
areas in the Philippines. First, some roads and thirty one cities in Pangasinan submerged.
Secondly, three towns in Nueva Ecija have been flooded. In Bulacan, huge areas of San
Miguel, Calumpit, Obando and Hagonoy flooded. Finally, seven towns and one city in Pampanga
were flooded for around 1-2 feet. So, are there any plans or solutions to manage
the levels of water? • Control the levels of the river waters.
• The Environment Agency, Police and other organisations can conserve people lives and
their property from the floods by giving warnings of any probable flood in order to give an
opportunity to arrange or move as quickly as possible out of the area if there is a
hazard. • The prevention of the floods can be ensured
by continuous maintenance dredging at the river mouth.
In short, the floods in the Philippines can be caused by the rainy seasons with their
typhoons, siltation of the last few kilometres of the river, sea or the ocean, where the
water flow capacity has reduced considerably as well as the rise of the water by the continuous
heavy rainfall on the low-lying areas causes landslides in the cities, towns and coasts.
Many effects resulted from the floods such as damage on the roads and railways, cutting off the phone lines and submergence for many buildings.
They do not only result in these massive landslides, but also cause human tragedies as hundreds
of thousands of people in the Philippines die. The main solution to stop the floods
as much as possible is to warn people, when heavy rain is expected to help them to move out. In addition to control
waters' levels of the river, sea or ocean and maintain dredging at the river's mouth.
In today's presentation, I discussed the floods in the Philippines. I started by introducing
this country and referring to some of its problems. Then I talked about some reasons
of the floods. After that, I moved to the effects which are caused by the floods, and
I finished with some proposed solutions. Finally, I concluded my presentation. That concludes
my presentation, are there any questions? Discussion starts ...