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After your tube is sponged down then you can push this latch right here and open the centrifuge
released the rash on the centrifuge lid and then you're going to take the tubes out
in the exact order
that you put them in
and set them up so we're going to read the A Tube first,
taken directly out of the centrifuge
over to your agglutination viewer
where I'll show you several techniques for tapping and grading your reactions
and what to look for
as your recessed spin the button.
Will take the A Tube the first two
we setup and we'll bring it over to the agglutination view
and you have a Button Down for this particular technique the first technique
and you're just
down means right
down towards the mirror as you see here
and then you're going to give it a little jiggle
and the role
just like this
and you're going to see some
the cells streaming down. I'm going to change the technique just a little bit so you can
see
what I'm talking about.
You can see the
the the button up there in the corner and you can see the cells
starting to stream down
from the button
and you just really watch the button
as you're
tapping the tube.
And tell the cells are completely off the
off the bottom of the tube then you stop.
Once the the cells are completely off the button
then you can uh...
give it a little
shake and roll the cell
down the tube and you can see here the.. a nice negative
results here
as soon as you have read the tube
then you want to uh... record the results
on your result sheet
right away so don't uh...
save up here reactions and
try to remember what they were.
So we're going to show you the second one a little slightly
different technique
and this one you're going to have the button
just up into the corner a little bit like this.
And then give it a jiggle and a roll
and
you can see the cells starting to
stream off the button here.
And i'm just gonna change my technique a little bit to show you that a little easier.
You can see that the cells coming off the button
here now
and the celling swirling over the button that's
really what you want to have is that continuous
running of the celling over the button and then when the cells are completely off you
can
you can roll the reaction
down into this tube like this and you can again it's a nice and nice negative reaction
here.
No a gluiness
if you see a a few
0:03:46.290,0:03:47.869 fine
clums that seem to come off at the beginning this probably fibro then you can ignore that
and then you record that result.
So now we'll go into the third one
and I'll show you a third technique
slight modification of uh... last one that I showed you
again we're going to
have the button just rolled up a little bit of into the corner
and then you just want to gently brush the bottom of the tube with your
middle finger or your ring finger
and you focus on the button
the disadvantage, one of the disadvantages
of this method is you do not want to tap to hard,
you're real gentle
that the position of the button do the work for you.
You can see that
cells come off the button quite quickly with this technique and uh... cells are completely
off the button now
and we can roll the reaction
down into the tube
and you can see it's a nice negative reaction here.
We'll report that reaction
and go on to the next tube.
the D typing
and this is a technique that works well for
left-handed.
We're going to put uh... button completely over on the other side opposite the mirror
and jiggle and
rolling it down like this.
And...
and you can see that uh... the button now is
off the bottom of the tube
and
it's a nice smooth reaction.
We can see this nice smooth reaction there that's a
nice negative
and record the results
for your D Tube. Okay.
Then we always have to read the.. the D Control
I'll continue reading the rest of these tubes
with the third method that I've shown you since
it.. it..
shows up the best on camera.
So
here's the D Control
and
can see the cells whirling off the button here.
Nice and smooth.
It reminds me of the comic's tale
and there they're off fan. That's a nice negative.
Record the results for the D Control.
So some labs will will use zero for negative.
Use a double, double dash
now will do the first reverse to which is the A Tube
and what would you expect on this
with these results.
Yes, you'd expect positive so
so let's see what we're gonna have here
and i'm gonna roll the button just up to the corner a little bit.
Some people have trouble seeing the button in this position
in that case then you can use one of the other
alternatives that I showed you where the button is a little more visible to you.
And so we're just gonna
tap it few times here and there came off for all in one piece.
That's a four plus
and then the last tube
we'll expect
uh... positive on this one as well.
so
go and we'll get a little tap
Now this one you can see it's a little
weaker reaction.
Actually it looks like we're getting
just a little chunking off the button.
Uh...
This is it this is a quite a bit weaker reaction
it looks like a
uh... two plus
see we have glutinant there.
So this was any weaker we have to repeat it
and record the result for the second reverse tube, the B Tube.
It's a weaker result, it was a two plus
and this concludes the ABO and RH testing procedure
but the demonstration
of agglutination
and reading and tapping the tubes
and we will continue on
with the interpretation of our results
okay to begin the interpretation we look at the cell testing
and look at the group you can see that anti-A
and anit-B and anti-AB, they're all negative
so that would be an O
for the forward group
and will record that right here.
The D typing
under the cell testing you can see Type
and you can see that the anti D
and the D control are both negative
so we can't actually interpret uh...
R-h at this point we're not sure of that R-h status are of the patient
because the anti-D is negative. It could be
a weak D
or D-u
that does not
show agglutination at this room temperature procedure
so we'll need to take it on to the D-u or weak D typing
which we will do
in just a few minutes.
The uh...
rest of the interpretation
is the reverse group
and so we look
under Serum Testing
and the group here you can see that the A one cell is a four-plus, the B cell is a two-plus.
They're both positive so that confirms the O
and we will
record that result right here.
Now you can see that ah... two-plus result for
that these cell
is weaker than the result for the A-one cell.
It's the two plus. If it's a two plus or greater that is a valid result however if
it was less than a two plus if it was a one-plus
we would not be able to interpret the reverse group, we would leave it blank.
We would call that a
low typer or weak typer but you can see with the elderly person
or infant
and but in this case it is two plus or greater and we can record the reverse group as an
A.