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This is the nose and the floor of the nose is formed of the hard palate, the roof of
the nose will have a cavity anteriorly which is the frontal air sinus. And a cavity posteriorly
which is the air sphenoid sinus and between them there will be the cribriform plate of
ethmoid. The medial wall of the nose that separates the left nose from the right is
the nasal septum and it's formed anteriorly from the septal cartilage and posteriorly it's formed
of two bones, a bone above coming from the ethmoid which is the perpendicular plate of
ethmoid and a bone below laying on the hard palate which is the vomer. If we remove the nasal septal then
we'll see the lateral wall of the nose. In the lateral wall of the nose we have 3 elevations
which are called the conchae of the nose. We have the superior concha, the middle concha
and the inferior concha. If we take the hard palate as a land mark then above it we'll
have the largest concha which is the inferior concha and it's a separate bone , then as
I go up there will be the middle concha which is smaller than the inferior and the smallest
one will be the superior concha. There is a space below each concha each space of them
is called meatus therefore if this the inferior concha then this will be the inferior meatus
and this is the site of opening of the nasolacrimal duct. Below the middle concha we'll have the
middle meatus which is the site of opening of all air sinuses except for the sphenoidal
and the posterior ethmoidal and below the superior concha (the smallest concha) is the
superior meatus which is the site of opening of posterior ethmoidal of air sinus. Above
the superior concha there will be a small space which is called the sphenoethmoidal
recess which the site of opening of the sphenoidal air sinus. This
is the cavity of the skull and this is the falx cerebri that separates the two cerebral hemispheres and of course this horizontal
structure tentorium cerebelli which separates the cerebrum above from the cerebellum and.
this is the cerebelli and this is the falx cerebri. If I go to the nose and remove the middle concha, in the middle
meatus there will be hiatus semilunaris above the inferior concha, and above the hiatus
semilunaris there is an elevation which is the bulla ethmoidalis allowing the opening
of the middle ethmoidal air sinus. When I go
below the hard palate, of course this is genue of the mandible and this is the tongue. The
tongue is a muscular structure, these are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue. This
is the tip of the tongue and this is the base of the tongue. From the mandible to the tongue, there is a muscle that protrudes
the tongue and is called the genioglossus and arises from the genue of the mandible
to
the tongue