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Alright, so...this is how you draw CO2.
So...you start with your carbon molecule
and then you add electrons around until you fill the octet, but since carbon has
4 valence electrons, you would go 1
2 3 4
and then you have 2 oxygens
so the first one
you do 1 2 3 4
5 6
because oxygen has 6 valence electrons
and then the other side
1 2 3 4
5 6
now...um
you'd have to rotate
this oxygen molecule
so that
so that one of the sides that has a lone electron
can pair
with one of the sides of carbon that has a lone electron
in here for example, this can pair here
so im gonna redraw this
so that it looks like this: carbon
oxygen
and then another oxygen
so then you can still see that it's the same thing, i just rotated it, so one two three
four five six
one two three four five six and then carbon has one-two-three-four
and then this can make a bond
and this can make a bond
and these are lone pairs
but then you have
these random, single electrons
that aren't happy there and also because
if you count the octet
for each atom, it's going to be
off. it won't be 8. So one two three four five six seven for
oxygen
for carbon: one two three four five six
and of course seven for oxygen here again and
so then the better way to draw it
is to link these two electrons and to also link these two electrons
so you would draw carbon
a double bond (these two form a double bond)
and then oxygen with its lone pairs
and then again a double bond here which comes from these 2 electrons
and then
the lone pairs here
and now if you count
the octet it would be eight
so one two three four five six seven eight
and then for carbon
one two three four five six seven eight
and then oxygen is the same on this side too
so this is a happy molecule and this is an unhappy molecule
so
this is why you have double bonds.