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Now after 3 weeks of bombing and shelling, the scale of the destruction inside Gaza is becoming clearer.
Tens of thousands of Gazans are now homeless and over half a million people have been without water since the conflict began.
Israel and Hamas have announced ceasefires at the weekend and Israeli troops are gradually withdrawing.
Our Foreign Affairs Correspondent Jonathan Miller reports from Gaza.
Gaza's government buildings have been pummeled. These the ministries of Finance, Interior and Foreign Affairs.
The infrastructure of a future independent Palestinian state. To Gazans, it's evidence that Israel never wanted one.
We drove through Gaza City past the wreckage of its 22 day long bombardment.
This was an ambulance. Thirteen Paramedics have been killed in this conflict.
Even the dead were not sacred. We saw two graveyards. One bombed and the other driven over by tanks.
Some of the targeting looked like wanton destruction. I saw the tops of three minarets blown clean off.
We arrived at the UN run Beit Lahiya primary school which took direct hits on Saturday morning, the very last day of the war.
1,891 refugees were sheltering here. The Israeli army knew this and had the co-ordinates.
A worker here filmed on his mobile phone the aftermath of the first two white phosphorus shells to explode at 6.45 in the morning.
As he was filming, another shell slammed into the school - this time an artillery round.
(# Shell whizzing sound & people screaming)
It caused mayhem. Ambulances already on the scene caught up in it all. Two dead, fourteen injured.
You can see white phosphorus burning all over the playground. Another two bombs then exploded. Four more were killed just outside.
Beit Lahiya was the third UN school to be hit and an act condemned as "outrageous" by the UN Secretary General.
The school authorities have been gathering up some of the shrapnel and shell casings of what hit the school on the incident of the 17th of January
This bit of wrecked metal here is, believe it or not, the remains of one of the four phosphorus bombs which exploded over the school burning some of the children.
This big thing here is either a tank shell or an artillery piece. This is what hit the balcony just up there
killing two small children and blowing the legs off their 19 year old cousin.
The Israeli army says it hit schools because they had people firing. Is it possible that there were Hamas fighters shooting from inside the school?
(# Palestinian man talks in Arabic)
Absolutely not they said, there were definitely no militants in here. People were sleeping. There was no gunfire.
The Israelis insisted to us tonight that they only fire at schools when they're fired at first.
Mahmoud is 13. He was badly wounded by shrapnel at the start of the war. Three weeks later when the bombs hit the school he suffered white phosphorus burns.
Mahmoud - "I was washing my face upstairs. I'd just gone into the school room and the shell hit the balcony. When I escaped outside, the phosphorus bomb exploded. It went on my arm.
There is still a lot of this white phosphorus still lying around and days after the bombs were dropped it's still extremely dangerous. Watch what it does when it is exposed to oxygen.
In an instant it's in flames. Amnesty International today began to investigate the Beit Lahiya incident.
We see prima facie evidence that there have been war crime and that is why we are calling for a thorough and independent investigation.
It is not our job to jump to conclusions. We are saying we are seeing prima facie evidence that is imperative it should be investigated.
Each side in this conflict has accused the other of war crimes.
Hamas' rockets deliberately target civilians. Israel casts civilians dead as unfortunate collateral. But a horrified world is not convinced.
At Gaza's UN headquarters, the flag is at half mast. Four UN workers have been killed.
Its huge warehouse hit by phosphorus bombs last week.
I'm not seeking for people to be preoccupied by what has happened to the UN.
I want to know about accountability for those two little boys five and seven years of age who are indisputably innocent
but they are as indisputably innocent as they are dead. They are dead now.
As the people of Gaza picked through the wreckage, there is a growing clamour for independant investigators to start unpicking whether Israel really did do all it could to avoid civilian casualties.
Israel's foreign minister Tzipi Livni said today, "Israel had to carry out this operation.
I am at peace with the fact that we did it."
Asked about the civilian death toll, she described it as, "the product of circumstance"
And she said again she, "blames Hamas for fighting within population centres."