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clavicle ialah tulang bernama modified long bone
kenapa ye namanya modified long bone?
we have humerus is long bone, clavicle is long bone
perkataan long bone...
is bone that have 2 end called epiphysis and shaft called diaphysis
ulang
but this is called long bone and this is called modified long bone
why is this (called) modified long bone?
first thing, if we look at long bone like humerus...
break it, we'll find inside it bone marrow cavity or medullary cavity
if we break a clavicle, we'll not find bone marrow cavity or medullary cavity
so here there is no medullary cavity
so it is different from long bone
2nd thing, long bone's ossification is through cartilagenous model of ossification
... or cartilagenous ossfication
contohnya flat bone, berlaku ossification melalui membranous ossificatiom
so this is membranous, and this cartilagenous
the clavicle is membrano-cartilagenous ossification
part of it cartilage and part of it membrane dan berlakulah ossification
for long bone, primary ossification center appear at the center of shaft
after that the ossification changes the shaft into bone
when the baby is born, the 2 epiphysis is still cartilage
after birth, 2ry ossification center appear at the 2 epiphysis
so, 1ry center appear before birth and 2ry center appear after birth
for clavicle, primary and secondary ossification center appear before birth
itulah sebabnya clavicle dipanggil modified long bone
maybe asked in oral "why is clavicle called modified long bone
lets see whether the clavicle is right or left
clavicle is a bone located horizontally here
it has medial end and lateral end
the medial end is beside sternum; called sternal end
lateral end is beside acromium of scapula; called acromium end
we'll know how to differentiate medial end from lateral end
the medial end is rounded, if we look at here
rounded
lateral end is flat
this is medial and this is lateral. Put it like this.
Anterior and Posterior. Clavicle is a bone that has 2 curves.
big curve and small curve
big curve is 2/3 and small curve is 1/3 (of the bone)
maybe asked in oral "where is the common site of fracture of clavicle?"
you'll say "junction between medial 2/3 and lateral 1/3"
big curve is medial, small curve is lateral
nah, ini big curve
ini small curve
also, so we said medial lateral again
this is anterior and this is posterior
big curve is convex anteriorly
tak boleh macam ini ataupun macam ini
big curve's convex must be anterior. macam ini betul.
kalau macam ini pun betul. ini medial dan lateral, convex anterior.
ada lagi upper surface and lower surface
so that we'll know the exect side (where it belongs)
clavicle if we see, upper surface is smooth compared to rough lower surface
what rough does it have?
rough area medially is attached to ligament called costo-clavicular ligament
ini kalau medial end
rough area lateral composed of line called trapezoid line
????
trapezoid line and conoid ligament attached to them ligament called coraco-clavicular ligament
kalau tandakan line dan tubercle namanya coraco-clavicular ligament
if the mark is on the line only, it is called trapezoid part coraco-clavicular ligament
jika tandanya di conoid tubercle, namanya conoid part of coraco-clavicular ligament
sometimes we marked above all it, we say coraco-clavicular ligament
this is media side and this is lateral side
ada groove di tengah.
namanya subclavian groove
it is for subclavius muscle insertion
these thing present on inferior surface
if we put clavicle like this, this is medial and this is lateral
convex anterior, upper surface smooth and lower surface rough
macam ini betul
if we put it like this, we'll see that we turned it over upside down
cannot be like this because of the inferior surface (will be upward)
so what are the things that attached to clavicle?
3 on inferior ligament
costo-clavicular ligament at rough area,
coraco-clavicular ligament ..??..
subclavian groove area for subclavius muscle insertion
4 muscle attached to the clavicle
2 attached medially and 2 laterally
medial on in front side, pectoralis major insertion
medial from backside, origin for sternomastoid
antero-lateral, lateral at in front; origin deltoid muscle
lateral from backside, trapezius insertion
???
4 things attached to clavicle; pectoralis major, sternomastoid, deltoid and trapezius
if i say to you in oral exam "how to make articulation between clavicle and scapula
watch out that lateral end makes articulation wih acromium here
namanya acromio-clavicular joint
so the articulation are in this view
semoga membantu �