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1 00;00;11;04 00;00;13;02 Once upon a time…
2 00;00;13;05 00;00;15;26 “The wonderful story of cocoa”
3 00;00;16;09 00;00;19;09 Once upon a time there was a tasty fruit
4 00;00;19;14 00;00;22;04 of golden color which was known as cocoa
5 00;00;22;16 00;00;26;09 From the cocoa there came
the delicious chocolate. 6 00;00;26;13 00;00;32;06 And it was in a
beautiful country called Brazil where an enchanted region was,
7 00;00;32;08 00;00;34;11 and because so much cocoa was planted
8 00;00;34;13 00;00;39;17 it became known as the Cocoa Cultivation Region in the state
of Bahia. 9 00;00;40;00 00;00;43;06 In this region
there were many cocoa farms, 10 00;00;43;09 00;00;45;23 and their owners
were recognized as 11 00;00;45;26 00;00;48;06 “cocoa colonels.”
12 00;00;48;13 00;00;50;10 They were all very rich,
13 00;00;50;12 00;00;52;28 powerful, and very mean.
14 00;00;53;00 00;00;56;04 They had many employees 15 00;00;56;06 00;01;01;17 who were forced
to live on the farms, far away from their towns.
16 00;01;01;21 00;01;04;16 Until one day, during a beautiful late afternoon,
17 00;01;04;20 00;01;07;21 the good winds brought something very serious to that region,
18 00;01;07;23 00;01;09;27 and it destroyed all the cocoa.
19 00;01;10;06 00;01;13;04 But this part of the story
is not very interesting, 20 00;01;13;07 00;01;15;12 so we will skip
it. 21 00;01;16;25 00;01;22;21 And it was at that
moment that all the cocoa farmers became poor. 22 00;01;22;24 00;01;30;10 And finally, the
workers were free and they could go to with families, their towns.
23 00;01;30;14 00;01;34;07 where there were lots and lots of fun.
24 00;01;34;18 00;01;41;00 And just like that, they lived happily ever after.
25 00;01;41;14 00;01;47;05 And this my friends, is the true story of cocoa.
26 00;01;47;11 00;01;52;03 I don’t know why,
but there are still people who… 27 00;01;52;07 00;01;54;06 Don’t believe
me! 28 00;01;57;06 00;02;02;18 This November 18th,
2011
The president Dilma Roussef sanctions the law
that creates the “Truth Commission”
29 00;02;02;18 00;02;05;24 is a historical date for the country of Brazil.
The president Dilma Roussef sanctions the law
that creates the “Truth Commission"
30 00;02;05;28 00;02;09;11 It is the day in which we celebrated,
31 00;02;09;12 00;02;12;19 and will from now on celebrate
32 00;02;12;21 00;02;17;00 the truth and transparency.
33 00;02;18;18 00;02;24;07 In Brazil there are many truths.
34 00;02;26;17 00;02;29;24 With the introduction of the witch’s broom infestation to the
cocoa plantations 35 00;02;29;26 00;02;34;13 in the southern
state of Bahia, 600.000 hectares of cocoa cultivation became useless,
36 00;02;34;14 00;02;37;14 bringing about a socioeconomic
and ecological disaster 37 00;02;37;15 00;02;40;05 in a scale which
had never been registered before.
38 00;02;40;09 00;02;45;00 The repercussions of the effects of this catastrophe have been
echoing since 1989 39 00;02;45;02 00;02;50;07 and affect 93 towns
of an important biogeographic area,
40 00;02;50;08 00;02;53;08 which makes home to almost 3 million people.
41 00;02;53;27 00;02;58;15 This film tackles these facts according
to the evidence and scientific arguments 42 00;02;58;17 00;03;03;23 found in different
reported accounts and in official documents.
43 00;03;25;15 00;03;29;16 PRESENTING 44 00;03;32;13 00;03;35;23 Cocoa Cultivation
Region – Bahia – Brazil
45 00;04;03;13 00;04;06;24 An independent production
46 00;04;23;24 00;04;26;25 A movie by Dilson Araújo
47 00;04;28;19 00;04;30;08 When I was walking through the farm,
48 00;04;30;09 00;04;33;13 I saw something tied down
at the bottom of the cocoa trees. 49 00;04;33;14 00;04;36;29 Who could have
done this? It could not have been a child, there was
a knot… 50 00;04;37;01 00;04;39;28 And I saw the broom
tied with its own skin… 51 00;04;40;00 00;04;42;23 Now… yes… whoever
did this, knew what they were doing.
52 00;04;42;24 00;04;50;16 No longer something accidental, but something deliberated, motivated
and brought by men… 53 00;05;22;07 00;05;27;04 Dilson Araújo
Research, screenplay, production, and directing. 54 00;05;29;12 00;05;34;07 Henrique Filho
screenplay editing, setting, and completion. 55 00;05;36;19 00;05;41;19 Isaias Neto
Direct Sound 57 00;05;50;20 00;05;55;16 Genivaldo Santos
Direct Sound Assistant 58 00;05;57;26 00;06;02;23 Álisson Fagundes
Illustration 60 00;06;19;00 00;06;23;21 Eva Lima
Man #1 62 00;06;33;13 00;06;38;07 Marco Antônio
63 00;06;51;05 00;06;55;15 At the end of 1994, he started to become very sad...
64 00;06;55;17 00;07;00;26 My husband. We no longer could buy our groceries as before,
large family, you know, 65 00;07;00;28 00;07;06;06 and the witch’s
broom just getting worse. He would go out and his friends would say:
66 00;07;06;19 00;07;11;20 “Deodato, the region is going to disappear because of the
witch’s broom.” 67 00;07;11;22 00;07;14;09 So then he would
come back home feeling sad and would just cry…
68 00;07;14;11 00;07;19;27 In January of 95, he went down to the bank to get a loan.
69 00;07;19;29 00;07;21;10 When he got there they said:
70 00;07;21;12 00;07;26;10 “look, now that the witch’s broom is devastating everything,
we’re not giving any loans.” 71 00;07;26;13 00;07;30;04 On the 7th he told
me: “Noélia, I’m not gonna handle it,
72 00;07;30;06 00;07;32;29 I cannot handle seeing myself with no money”.
73 00;07;33;03 00;07;37;22 There wasn’t any money left,
no money left to pay the bills… electricity, water.
74 00;07;37;27 00;07;42;11 On the 8th, everything that had to happen happened.
75 00;07;42;14 00;07;49;10 He had bought a coil rope.
I suspected of him so much already. 76 00;07;49;15 00;07;54;15 I had already taken
away his gun, I hid it, 77 00;07;54;17 00;08;01;06 I took it away…
he wanted to kill himself with… with a razor, I took it away, and...
78 00;08;01;08 00;08;08;24 I had already taken poison away from his hands, but then that
a good wife, a good mother, a good daughter, a good Brazilian.”
83 00;08;29;01 00;08;31;18 At 8 o’clock he said: “I’m going to bed.”
84 00;08;31;20 00;08;35;18 I was suspecting of him so bad,
I knew he wasn’t going to sleep. 85 00;08;35;20 00;08;40;29 I was alone with
him at home, and I was nervous, nervous, nervous, nervous.
86 00;08;41;01 00;08;47;02 Finally at 4AM, I prayed to God to
find another way out and I went to sleep. 87 00;08;47;05 00;08;51;13 I woke up at 7AM.
Oh my God, where’s Deodato. Deodato! I started to call his name.
88 00;08;51;15 00;08;54;01 I walked into some rooms, into the bathroom,
I couldn’t find him anywhere, 89 00;08;54;03 00;08;55;24 and so when I walked
into a room, 90 00;08;55;26 00;08;59;19 and I came close
to him, he was already dead, hanging from the ceiling.
Cause of death: Cerebral Anoxia – Hanging 92 00;09;09;16 00;09;13;17 And so I began
to scream and punch the walls. I yelled: oh God, it can’t be!
93 00;09;13;18 00;09;17;20 I said, oh my God, what am I going to do now?
95 00;09;22;19 00;09;28;17 The kids were all nervous. My daughter, who lived in São Paulo,
a lot of people here who were left with nothing, they couldn’t buy groceries.
97 00;09;32;29 00;09;36;15 One farmer had nothing left to eat
and he would walk around and just cry, 98 00;09;36;16 00;09;39;14 there wasn’t
any more money for food. 99 00;09;39;15 00;09;41;02 Oh! They told me
someone brought it (the witch’s broom),
100 00;09;41;03 00;09;45;07 they told me someone brought it here,
but who brought it we don’t know. 101 00;09;48;12 00;09;51;15 After the criminal
introduction of the witch’s broom to the state of Bahia,
102 00;09;51;16 00;09;56;12 a region which was once thriving is going through a socioeconomic
and environmental decay 103 00;09;56;16 00;09;59;29 I would say a
psychological decay, also. 104 00;10;00;10 00;10;07;01 I heard about
a guy in Ibirapitanga that hung himself with a rope in his own house.
105 00;10;07;22 00;10;11;02 I have a friend from Central Bank
who took rat poison. 106 00;10;11;05 00;10;14;17 Luciano died of
a stroke because of this plague. 107 00;10;14;18 00;10;19;28 There were many…
many deaths around here due to the witch’s broom crisis.
a drastic affect as it had. 110 00;10;27;16 00;10;32;00 They would say
business was dropping because of the broom,
111 00;10;32;01 00;10;35;12 the broom brought a heavy drop in the production.
112 00;10;35;17 00;10;37;19 With the drop in the production
113 00;10;37;21 00;10;46;24 there was also a reduction in the power of purchase of land
owners, cocoa producers.
114 00;10;47;13 00;10;51;27 Business in Ilhéus, Itabuna and in all of the cocoa
115 00;10;51;29 00;10;57;26 cultivating region fell drastically,
there wasn’t any money circulating. 116 00;10;58;05 00;11;04;19 And so, all the
businesses fell into the same problem as the crops, bankruptcy.
117 00;11;04;21 00;11;06;24 Even the street worker was complaining.
118 00;11;06;27 00;11;11;02 In Camacan, just the news of
the arrival of the witch’s broom disease, 119 00;11;11;04 00;11;14;21 made it difficult
to sell our cocoa. 120 00;11;14;22 00;11;16;23 The money we needed
for workers, for example. 145 00;12;42;13 00;12;47;07 Today we see a
large number of favelas - slums - , especially in Ilhéus and Itabuna.
146 00;12;47;11 00;12;53;25 The witch’s broom brought not only a social issue, but
also a huge environmental impact. 147 00;12;54;08 00;13;00;20 The workers lost
their jobs… the crop was abandoned in a generalized way.
148 00;13;01;10 00;13;04;23 and the producer to survive, to eat,
149 00;13;05;03 00;13;10;06 to get by was forced to cut down and sell all the lumber
in his property. 150 00;13;10;09 00;13;12;20 This caused great
environmental damage. 151 00;13;12;29 00;13;19;21 The most significant
part of what was left of the Rain Forest was in that area of Camacan.
152 00;13;19;27 00;13;24;12 Today, it’s a complete desert,
153 00;13;24;16 00;13;32;18 it’s unbelievable when you see pictures from the past, and you
say, it’s not possible, you know, 154 00;13;33;10 00;13;37;02 and looking at
today’s pictures, in such a short period of time
155 00;13;37;03 00;13;40;27 it all led to this economic, socio-economic,
156 00;13;41;01 00;13;43;01 and environmental impact that resulted in this misery.
157 00;13;44;06 00;13;46;08 Wherever it (the witch’s broom) passed through,it destroyed
the economy, 158 00;13;46;20 00;13;51;23 it destroyed families,
it destroyed, it destroyed the production, destroyed financial income.
159 00;13;52;02 00;13;56;00 And, it brought exactly this, terrible impoverishment of the
region. 160 00;13;56;03 00;14;01;22 Take the example
of Itabuna, the city which was a “gold mine”, and what it is now.
161 00;14;01;26 00;14;09;27 Itabuna, for example, was recently rated as one of the most violent
cities in Brazil for young people. 162 00;14;10;07 00;14;14;19 Honestly, a part
of this violence and social disintegration 163 00;14;15;00 00;14;20;07 is also a result
of the impacts caused by the witch's broom crime.
164 00;14;20;18 00;14;26;18 Certainly, this violence you see in the larger cities in the
cocoa region today 165 00;14;26;21 00;14;30;26 is surely due
to the introduction of this infestation, witch’s broom,
166 00;14;31;05 00;14;36;10 casting out people from the countryside, over populating the
suburbs of nearby cities, 167 00;14;36;19 00;14;40;07 causing underemployment,
people living in houses that has no sanitation, 168 00;14;40;11 00;14;45;28 in places that
have no adequate sheltering. 169 00;14;46;03 00;14;50;03 And, there, they
start to get involved in crimes, drug dealing and drug use.
170 00;14;50;14 00;14;53;29 If it was such and such “A”, if it was “B”, if it
was “C”, it will be revealed, who knows. 171 00;14;55;19 00;15;02;11 We are planting
a seed now, aiming at the possibilities 172 00;15;02;15 00;15;10;00 But what is relevant
is that, if it was “A” , “B”, or “C”, whatever was caused, whatever was brought
173 00;15;10;01 00;15;19;24 the impact that it… that this disaster, the witch’s broom
brought, tumbling down, lives collapsed. 174 00;15;19;28 00;15;25;27 There are three
million people seriously affected by the witch’s broom.
175 00;15;26;00 00;15;28;00 I used to say in the beginning:
176 00;15;28;01 00;15;30;10 the witch’s broom is a war!
177 00;16;28;07 00;16;30;07 I didn’t know the witch’s broom.
178 00;16;30;13 00;16;33;01 It is an infestation caused by a terrible fungus.
179 00;16;33;03 00;16;33;29 It is a disease 180 00;16;33;29 00;16;35;13 caused by a fungus
181 00;16;35;13 00;16;37;17 called Moniliophtora perniciosa.
182 00;16;37;18 00;16;39;18 The interaction of the fungus with the plant
183 00;16;39;20 00;16;46;02 is a very complex interaction, making it very hard to fight
the, by the federal government, 484 00;41;20;06 00;41;21;17 in a differentiated
763 01;09;22;29 01;09;30;12 Dedicated to the victims of this crime