Tip:
Highlight text to annotate it
X
RUSTAVI2.COM Toma Chageishvili South Ossetia
The enormous motorcade has moved from Tbilisi towards Tskhinvali on 1989-November-23.
More than 10.000 demonstrators went to Tskhinvali to arrange there the responsive action on provocation,
which was made-up by part of Ossetian politicians, demanding joining Samachablo to Russia.
Organizers of procession were Leaders of the national-liberation movement of Georgia.
Near city approaches road for meeting was blocked by Internal Troops of the Soviet Army.
23th November became a new datum-point in Georgian-Ossetian contraposition.
Moscow indulged in every possible way, inciting this contraposition.
ZVIAD GAMSAHURDIA The leader of the liberation movements of Georgia
- We have tried to avoid direct collisions with the Soviet Army. You understand that it is right.
- You know, if we now have faced Russian Army, we could break through a barrier.
- This collision is necessary to some third force. Georgians and Ossetians don't need this collision.
- I never thought about that, that this is Ossetian and this is Georgian.
- I do not know... till now in my heart there is this feeling.
AKAKI ASATIANI The chairman of parliament of Georgia in 1990-1991.
- We should supervise guerrilla war, because war has accepted the terrible form.
- War has taken the form of *** from both parties. There was a tragedy.
Since 1989 during the conflict more than 600 Georgians and more than 1000 Ossetians officially was lost.
- It was a determinant problem - absence of Georgian-Ossetian direct dialogue.
About 14.000 Georgians and 20.000 Ossetinians became refugees.
Refugees till today expect Return to their own own houses.
Russian power uses Ossetian question in political games with Georgia till this day.
In December of 1990, when between Georgians and Ossetinians went guerrilla war,
The Supreme Council of Georgia has unanimously abolished 'South Ossetian autonomous region'.
With this decision Supreme Council has ended 68 year existence of 'South Ossetia'.
Contraposition was incited by Bolshevist Russia even since 1920 years,
when Russia has tried for the first time to use Ossetians against Georgia.
On 1920-May-23 Russian Committee of Communistic Party of Transcaucasia regional district
has gathered for extraordinary congress in Vladikavkaz, under a management its leader Sergo Ordzhonikidze.
For overthrow the independent republic of Georgia in territories of compact residing by Ossetians,
the last should begin Bolshevist mutiny.
At the same time 2 representatives of independent Georgia G.Uratadze and V.Sagirashvili have left with mission
to Moscow to start negotiations with the Russian authorities, about recognition of independence of Georgia.
Sagirashvili and Uratadze were still on road, when, under management of Sergo Ordzhonikidze, Red Army
of Bolshevist Russia has intruded Azerbaijan and has established there the Soviet power.
By the plan of Russia, after colouring Azerbaijan in red, attack should proceed further to Georgia.
In parallel, Bolshevist revolt should begin on territories of Samachablo.
After sovietisation of Azerbaijan, parts of Red Army have crossed borders of independent Georgia.
And revolt, as was planned, has begun in territory of Samachablo.
Bolsheviks have banished government representatives of independent Georgia and
declared the Soviet power from Oni to Dusheti.
Rebels entrenched in Tskhinvali.
- Rebels have arranged performances with the Bolshevist slogans in Racha-Lechhumi, Dusheti, Samegrelo.
OTAR DZHANELIDZE The doctor of historical sciences; the professor of institute of political science.
- The government struggled with this not as with an ethnic sign, but as with the anti-state phenomenon.
- This revolt naturally weakened statehood of Georgia,
- brought a crack in the political hardness of Georgia.
- Especially, when Ossetians demanded tearing away this most ancient corner of Georgia,
- with the subsequent joining to Russia.
Democratic republic of Georgia, independent since 1918-May-26, has appeared under the threat.
When fight was hardened on the Azerbaijan border and Tskhinvali has been torn off from Georgia,
when Sergo Ordzhonikidze already considered a question of occupation of Georgia finished,
parts of the Russian army have suffered shattering defeat on the second front with Poland.
Because of defeats on Polish front, Russia recognised not expedient at the given stage
to declare war against Georgia.
Representatives of Georgia have arrived to Moscow exactly at that moment.
Sagirashvili and Uratadze at first have met Kremlin's Georgian Joseph Stalin.
- The Georgian people cannot go by the way of Soviet Russia.
- Our people will go by their own way. We are not enemies and don't wish to prevent what happens in Russia.
- We wish the same position from Russia.
- The demonstrative document to it would be recognition of independence of Georgia by Russia.
Has told Uratadze to Stalin. Stalin listened representatives of Georgia attentively and then has told:
- I can give you positive answer, with condition in contract,
- on which there will be no help for hostile forces to Russia in territory of Georgia.
After reception of the positive assurance from delegation, Stalin turned to Kamenev and told:
- Well, comrade Kamenev, what we can have against independence of Georgia.
Stalin has acquainted Lenin with his opinion after three days.
Uratadze and Sagirashvili have received definitive answer personally from Lenin.
- Georgian Mensheviks absolutely different people, work with you is possible. - Has told at a meeting Lenin -
- Take recognition of independence from Russia only under a condition,
- that your territory will be not used by the foreign armies as base against us.
After assurance reception about neutrality of Georgia, Lenin has informed the commissioner of foreign affairs
George Tchitcherin about the beginning of negotiations with Georgians and to finish them in the shortest terms.
Uratadze recollected later: - Such Lenin's easy agreement can be explained from one side that
- Baku with its oil already was in hands of Russia and he did not wish complication in Caucasus.
- Wspecially, war went with Poland.
After end of negotiations, Lenin has categorically demanded cease-fire from Ordzhonikidze.
11th Red Army should stop military actions on the Azerbaijan-Georgian border.
- I do not agree with you, but I obey the order. - Has answered from Baku Ordzhonikidze.
On 1920-May-07 Russia recognised independence of Georgia.
Rebelled Ossetians remained alone. They were not necessary for Russia already. Russia has sent new instructing.
Ossetins should liquidate started revolt.
- Members of district Communistic Party advise us, that we must put out lighted fire.
- We reject this with indignation. We remain under flying flag of Bolsheviks Russia.
- And that, what is called Georgia today, we belief, should be part of Russia,
- as Kutaisi and Tbilisi provinces. - Rebelled Ossetian Bolsheviks wrote to V.Lenin and G.Tchitcherin.
Rebels searched an exit. They wanted to know about real state of affairs personally from the first person.
Exactly with that purpose the Ossetian Bolshevik Razden Kozaev went to Petersburg in June of 1920.
At a meeting with Lenin he looked confused and nervous.
- We have begun revolt under the request of Caucasian district committee, and now the same committee demands
- to liquidate kindled fire, that to us (Ossetians) it is not acceptable. - Spoke Kozaev.
In the end of conversation Kozaev has transferred to Lenin the memorandum of South Ossetians in which has been written: