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In this video, I would like to introduce you to the top-level concepts
of the SNOMED CT terminology
and show you how we represent them in Snow Owl.
If you are already familiar with SNOMED CT, you might want to skip this video and
go to the next video which will show you how to do searches.
Since we're going to do mostly browsing,
I will start with the
browsing perspective
that we created in the
"Customizing your Snow Owl interface"
video but from time to time we'll go back to the authoring perspective
which is this
default
perspective.
Let's go to the custom-made
perspective.
There you can see the SNOMED CT
concepts view
and
by default you will only see the nineteen top-level concepts which are
here
and the root concept.
SNOMED CT is pretty big. If you hover over a concept,
a tooltip will appear and it will display the number of children
so we'll have 305.011 concepts
within the terminology.
If you hover over the other ones, you can see
how big they are so some are bigger than others. This one is a small one.
Procedure
is a very big one.
Clinical findings
obviously.
This symbol here indicates the terminology.
Let me go back to the authoring perspective where we have the other terminologies,
so this little medical bag is for SNOMED CT.
The life
preserver indicates ATC.
The target ICD-10, and the target with the little Australian flag is the
Australian modification.
So each of the terminologies has its own
icon and that's quite useful because if you open a concept in the editor,
you see the
icon will appear in the tab
and you can see
- let me open one from
SNOMED CT as well -
the underlying terminology from each of these concepts
by looking at the icon.
Let's go back to the browsing
perspective
and close the editors.
The icons that we chose for each of the top-level concepts
will be displayed as well for their children - we've already talked about this
a bit in the previous video,
I just wanted
to remind you -
so you can always see
which type of concept you're working with
no matter where you are in the terminology and in different parts of the user interface.
The Eye represents body structures which are
normal
and abnormal
body structures.
The abnormal ones are in this sub-hiearchy, morphologically altered
structures
and let's just open one of them
"Aquired body structures," or
"Anatomical structures" and you see here
different
parts of the body and you see these little
blue
bookmarks
that means that I've bookmarked this concept before and I'll show you
how this works
in the authoring perspective. There's a
bookmarks view
with the icons that are bookmarked, so you see like
anatomical structure has been bookmarked
and it shows up here.
How it works is you just go to
a concept, that you want to bookmark and you right click it
for the context menu, you go to "add bookmark"
and you can enter a description if you want to
and it shows up
down here
now
which is the body space structure that I've just
bookmarked.
If you want to
delete one, you just
right-click it again
and you go to "delete" and then - let's delete the same one,
so that you can actually see it -
delete it
now you see the little symbol disappeared.
So that's quite useful because then you can access them very easily
and open them up in the editor
and you don't have to find them again.
I go back to browsing.
Remember when you want to close the terminology again and
just display the top-level concepts there is this little button
that you can use which I will do now.
Okay, the next one
is a huge category.
It's the Clinical Findings with over 98.000 children.
It comprises the outcomes of clinical observation,
assessment, judgement
as well as
normal
and abnormal states.
Clinical states that are necessarily abnormal are "Diseases" which is
this category
and let's just take
one of them
and you can
set it again as a root
concept
if you just want to look at a particular point at the hierarchy.
Let's go to the next one which is
"Environment or geographical locations."
They're indicated by a globe icon.
These are different types of
environments
as well as
geographical and political regions.
Environment is
anything that is related to healthcare, hospital environments, geographical
environments,
places.
Let me open one of them and then here
you have a lot of
countries.
That's like an atlas.
The next one "Events"
is the calendar icon
and these are occurrences such as
accidents,
travel events,
environmental
events,
so we can
open one of them just to give you an idea. Let's do environmental events.
Avalanche, earthquake, fog.
The next one is the magnifying glass.
It's "Observable entities", so entities that can be measured or observed
and
let's look at the first one
that's for instance
"age at first symptom at diagnosis,"
blood pressure is in this category,
body temperature, so think of just everything that can be measured
and observed so it's quite a bit.
The happy amoeba
or ghost
is easy to recognize. It's for organisms,
so everything you can think of in the animal kingdom,
plants, algae, microorganisms, fungi
is in this category
so you can find
your dog here
if you want to
or your plant at home.
The next one is pharmaceutical or biological products, so these are
drug products, everything you can buy in the pharmacy.
It has to be distinguished from
the "Substance" hierarchy which is further down here. It's actually
the very last one.
So these are
actual products while in the substance
category are chemical constituents used in pharmaceutical products,
these are represented in this
hierarchy.
Here you can
look what you have in your pharmacy,
in your medical box. You can, for instance find
antiallergenic drugs, antihistamines
and it goes down to the
different products
It has a capsule icon.
"Physical force", the thunder cloud,
is different kinds of physical influences
that are connected to injury,
explosion,
radiation and mechanical stress.
I can open one of them.
Magnetism.
All kinds of forces you can think of.
The next one I like to call it the department store category. It's
"Physical objects".
It's everything you can buy in the department store
devices, hospital
furniture
fastening, this is all kinds of belts and
buckles,
instruments as well as clothing,
vehicles, you can find the Snowmobile here
for instance so it's all kinds of
physical
objects.
The large hierarchy, we've alredy talked about is "Procedure." As you can see it's
really big,
it takes the whole screen.
It's about activities in the healthcare sector. They can be administrative, invasive,
diagnostic activities. There are also educational procedures
in there as well as referrals.
We picked a drill
to symbolize this category and then it's broken up by method, by priority, by site
so it's really huge.
The next one is the scale. It's the so-called
"Qualifier value".
These are concepts used as values for
other SNOMED CT attributes. For example,
the values for specifying the laterality of a fracture
are contained here.
If I go to
"Spatial and relational concepts",
for instance,
then to "Relative sites"
and to "Sidedness"
here you can find them
left-sided, right-sided.
So all kinds of values.
"Record artefact" is much
smaller.
These are documents
that were created to provide information about healthcare related events or
states of affairs.
For example, if we look at "Record types"
you have "Patient record type"
so you would find anesthesia records here, birth certificates, these kind of things.
We have a little camera.
"Situation with explicit context", the house icon
are concepts that specify the circumstances of a
procedure
all the circumstances of finding or conditions so
for example, that can be conditions in the past, like an injection that was given
or in the future if you are awaiting something,
findings that can be
ruled out,
information about someone other than the patient, for example family history
so everything about the context
of something.
The SNOMED CT Model Component:
In this hierarchy you will find metadata, linkage,
namespaces and modules
for example the
the national extensions,
linkage concepts.
The person
represents "Social context". These are social aspects that
may influence
health and treatment
of a patient
such as the social status, the ethnic group, religion,
lifestyle, family, occupation, so everything if you think of sociology.
These are
the terms here. You can even find
the Batman in this category
and we gave him
a special symbol. If you're curious you can check it out yourself.
Special concepts. It's a gift symbol. Those are inactive
concepts, outdated concepts as well as navigational concepts.
The drop represents "Specimens",
everything that was acquired for examination or analysis.
Blood samples, genetic samples, environmental swabs, these kind of things.
So you see, there's quite a lot here.
"Staging and scales", you can already see this is something related to
to measuring.
There are different instruments for testing and scaling, assessment scales, rating systems,
tumor staging,
symptom readings
are here as well.
If you open the assessment scales
you can see the different tests, questionnaires that exist
different tools.
So the last one is "Substance." I've already talked about this.
It's a beaker symbol
like chemists use, so think of
chemistry.
Here you can find substances and chemical constituents that are used for pharmaceutical
and
biological products.
Diclofenac, Melatonin, Swimming pool water,
different kinds of oil, so
a wide category of
substances.
That was just a brief overview of this vast terminology.
There are other icons for other terminologies as well which we won't go through
but if you're curious,
you can check them out as well, you see there are different
icons
for the termoniologies, let me just show you this one.
That's it. Diseases of the digestive system.
There is a burger.
So it's a easier to understand what's in these
categories.
The next video will be about doing searches.