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>>> Coming up next on "Arizona
Horizon" -- we'll look at
yesterday's court ruling on
voter registration requirements,
learn about a local event hosted
by the Clintons and aimed at
helping millenials address
societal issues, and we'll look
at the state's most impressive
collection of petroglyphs.
Next on "Arizona Horizon."
>> "Arizona Horizon" made
possible by contributions from
friends of 8, members of your
PBS station.
Thank you.
>>> Good evening.
Welcome to "Arizona Horizon."
I'm Ted Simons.
A federal judge ruled yesterday
Arizona and Kansas can require
people to provide proof of
citizenship when registering to
vote using a federal form.
ASU law professor Paul bender is
here to talk about the case.
Good to see you.
>> This is very complicated.
>> something we talked about
before during a Supreme Court
review.
What did the federal judge rule?
>> The federal judge ruled that
Arizona could require -- it's
complicated.
The federal commission, which is
called the U.S. elections
assistance commission, which is
supposed come up with a form
that you can use to register to
vote in federal elections.
The court ruled that Arizona and
Kansas can require that form to
require people when they
register to have proof that
there citizens.
Birth certificate, driver's
license, something like that.
The Supreme Court had held last
June, U.S. Supreme Court, that
Arizona could not dew that
because the federal law which is
called motor voter law, passed
in 1993, is intended to make it
really easy to register to vote.
The Supreme Court held in an
opinion by Scalia, not liberals
against the conservatives, held
the federal law preempts the
state law.
The state law said -- the
federal law says you just have
to sign something that says I'm
a citizen.
It says under penalty of
perjury.
The Supreme Court says that's
why federal law intended.
Arizona cannot impose that
except it said at the end of the
opinion, a hint, you could go
back to the commission, they
tried this once before and the
commission turned them down.
You could ask the commission to
change the federal form for
Arizona and say on the federal
form for Arizona that you have
to have proof of citizenship.
You can ask them.
They should give it to you if
you need to have them do that in
order for you, Arizona, to be
able to enforce your requirement
that people be citizens to vote.
They went back to the
commission.
The comiption turned them down
again in a big, long opinion and
they went to a federal District
Court and Scalia says if the
commission turns you down you
can take it to federal court.
The court overturned the
commission and said the
commission was wrong, the
commission had to give them this
change and had to let them.
Remember, we're only talking
about federal elections.
That's one thing that makes it
complicated there are federal
and state elections.
Federal elections are ones for
Senate and Congress and
presidential electives.
Everything else is state.
The Supreme Court's decision
said you can't require people to
prove citizenship to vote in
elections.
The state was planning to have
two different registration
systems.
This decision yesterday if it
stands relieves the state of
that obligation because you
would have one registration
system and to vote in any
election you would have to
register to vote and prove
you're a citizen.
>> this case was heard at the --
the federal judge heard this in
Kansas as opposed to Arizona,
which is untheun 9th circuit
for obvious reasons.
>> the 9th circuit has ruled
in this area before the Supreme
Court decision.
Supreme Court digs involved
Arizona.
They had ruled against Arizona.
Very close decision, by the way,
I think 6 to 5.
Sure, they wept to a different
circuit.
They figured they would lose in
the 9th circuit.
>> talk about the judge's
reasoning, why he decided what
he did.
>> That's a hard question to
answer.
The opinion is so bad, it's very
hard to understand the reasoning
behind it.
What the Supreme Court said in
June, it said, look, under the
federal law you don't need to
prove citizenship to register to
vote in federal elections but
the federal law has a provision
that let's states go to this
commission and make changes in
the federal law that is state
specific.
You could go back to the
commission, and if you could
convince the commission that you
need this to make sure that only
citizens rote, then -- vote, the
commission should give you this
change.
The commission said, you don't
need that.
There's all kinds of ways you
can get noncitizens off the
voting rolls.
Let them register first, then if
you think they are not citizens
you can challenge them and take
them off the rolls.
It makes a big difference, Ted,
because under the Arizona
system, which this judge is now
permitting them to use, you can
filter out a whole lot of people
who are eligible to vote, they
come to register, they don't
have a birth certificate.
Sorry, you have to get a birth
certificate.
It's hard to get, it costs
money, it's a pain in the neck,
so thousands and thousands of
eligible people will be stopped
from voting because they Don
have the document with them
whereas if you do what the
commission said you should do,
you let all those people
register, then if you think some
of them are not citizens you can
challenge them individually.
There you get the noncitizens
off the rolls but you won't keep
the citizens who you keep off
the roles by this pre-challenge
requirements of having birth
certificates when you register.
>> sounds like a judge said the
elections commission had no
right to deny the state's
request.
>> That's what he said.
>> Does that make sense?
>> No.
No.
It doesn't make sense even in
Scalia's opinion.
He said you can request the
commission to give you this if
you can prove you absolutely
need it.
The judge says they have a right
to get it from the commission.
>> basically why request it?
Basically wait for the answer
yes.
>> if this judge was right
Scalia would have said you have
a right to this.
Go to the commission and they
have to give it to you.
He didn't say.
That that's why I think the
opinion is so weak.
I would suspect there will be an
appeal.
>> does it survive an appeal?
>> I wouldn't think so.
>> does it go to the Supreme
Court?
>> It could very well be.
They had this case once before.
They frequently take a case they
have had before.
>> The issue of we should
mentioned Secretary of State
said he was delighted with the
decision.
The Attorney General said that
it's a victory for election
integrity and voter fraud is a
significant problem in Arizona.
How big an issue is voter fraud
in Arizona?
>> That's something, there's
some controversy about that.
The commission's opinion talks
about there is very, very little
evidence of voter fraud of this
kind in either Kansas or in
Arizona.
It's a tiny, tiny, like 1
thousandth of 1% of voters who
try to register to vote are not
citizens.
It's a tiny, little problem.
What you have is a solution to
basically a nonproblem.
The commission said, not only
don't you need this but you
don't have any real problem to
work on.
It's a tiny problem.
In order to solve a very, very
small problem a lot of people
worry about illegal immigrants.
If you were illegal would you
try to register to vote?
You're turning yourself over to
immigration authorities by doing
that.
There are not going to be a lot
of people who try to register to
vote.
The kind of thing the Arizona
thing does, as I said before it
stops a whole lot of people from
registering who have a right to
register but don't have the
document with them.
And in order to solve a problem
that's a tiny little problem of
maybe a few people will fall
through the cracks and vote
where they are not citizens.
>> You mentioned motor voter law
and how this was the impetus for
getting this federal form that
is easy to fill out under
penalty of perjury.
>> it was Miami International
Airport to be something you did
with a postcard.
You can't attach a birth
certificate to a postcard.
>> from does that play into what
Congress wanted as opposed to
what Arizona wants?
>> This is a preemption case.
I have been saying it's really
complicated because there are
state elections and federal
elections.
The state gets the right to say
what the qualifications are for
a voter.
But Congress gets the right to
monitor -- make the rules for
federal elections to how they
proceed, registration rules and
things like that.
So when Congress exercises this
power to regulate federal
elections it's exercise of power
predominates over the state.
The state has a right to require
you to have birth certificate to
register to vote in state
elections, but if Congress says,
no, we don't want that for
federal elections, Congress'
right is superior.
That's what the court held in
June.
>> thus the two-tier system,
which probably will be in play
if this is appealed, correct?
>> If it is stayed on appeal and
reversed there would be a
two-tier system unless the state
gave up on prop 200 and said
okay, we'll let them register to
vote in state elections without
that and we'll do what the
commission said they could for
state elections as well as
federal.
If you see people who are
registering and you don't think
they are citizens, attack them
by removing them from the rolls.
>> timetable?
>> I think there would be a
motion for stay before the
10th circuit tomorrow or early
next week.
Then there will be an appeal.
Appeals can take several months
at least before the appeal would
be argued.
There's no real -- when is the
next election?
>> Primaries in August.
>> so the court may think
there's some urgency to it so
they may do it but won't do it
any faster than a few months.
>> all right, always a pleasure.
Good to see you.
>>> Get the inside scoop on
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>>> The 7th annual meeting of
the Clinton global initiative
university will take place this
weekend at ASU.
Former president Bill Clinton,
former Secretary of State
Hillary Clinton and Clinton
foundation vice chair Chelsea
Clinton will meet with more than
1,000 student leaders from
around the world in an effort to
find solutions to pressing
concerns of the millenial
generation.
Here to talk about the event is
Jacqueline Smith, ASU executive
director of university
initiatives.
Also two student participants.
Kathleen Stafanik is a
psychology major.
And ASU public policy major
Josue Macias.
Well many come to the show.
>> This is a weekend to
celebrate students who are
committed to solving pressing
challenges like you talked
about.
We're hoping we will create a
supportive community for these
students and we're welcoming
them from over 80 countries
around the world.
>> what are some of the major
focuses here?
>> We're focusing on five major
areas.
Education, health, poverty
alleviation, climate change and
human rights.
Students here today are just two
of the 1200 that are tackling
these challenges through
innovative projects they
developed.
>> are these students who have
already tackled or are
attempting to tackle or those
who are just beginning or even
curious about the process?
>> That's a great point.
The students are submitting and
have committed commitments to
action.
They are at a variety of stages.
Some have begun their ventures
and the new feature they are
advancing may be working with a
new community or new geographic
area.
Others are at that early stage
so need support and ideas and
resources about the next steps
to take.
>> there are a number of big
names, leaders, recognizable
folk who will be here.
Basically as mentors?
What's that all about?
>> Sure.
We have four large plenary
sessions where big names will be
addressing some of the ideas
that they have and helping to
inspire them to maintain their
commitments to action, then
smaller, more intimate working
sessions where students will
gain insight about how to take
their ideas forward.
>> they range from John Mccain
to Jimmy Kimmel and all stage in
between.
I know you were working with
folks in Peru.
What got you started and how has
it turned out?
>> Well, this project actually
started as a class exercise at
ASU.
We were asked to help with some
problems that happened with
their crop production.
We researched that and focused
on a method called Terra PRADA,
an ancient method that had been
lost.
Anthropologists rediscovered it
in the 1800s.
It has a very high carbon
content so there's a lot of
charcoal in it.
We think these ancient farmers
probably really discovered this
quite by accident.
>> you're basically talking
about improving modern farming
by going back to an ancient
technique?
>> Yes.
It's really exciting.
It came from the Amazon and
we're working in that region on
our pilot study and hope to
spread this technology around
the world.
>> Why this project?
Why you?
>> You know, none of us were
soil scientists, but
interestingly enough, we have
had so much help from ASU
professors and even professors
from all over the world.
ASU's global resolve has been
invaluable in helping create
partnerships.
When you go to work in another
country you have to have local
partners to work with.
That was really essential to our
success.
>> sounds like quite a success.
We have seen S. visual images
there.
Josue, let's talk about you.
Seems like more activism,
advocacy going on.
What are you involved with?
>> It's not necessarily
advocacy.
What we're focused on is using
our education and applying it to
advanced human rights in a very
innovative way.
The mission of local exchange
global change is wholeheartedly
with Nelson Mandela's quote,
using education as the most
powerful weapon that we have to
change the world.
So using our focus is to help
the 76,000 students at Arizona
State University to transform
communities locally and around
the world.
>> Again, it's called local
exchange -- local exchange,
global change.
Sounds like you're connecting
students to refugee and
immigrant concerns?
>> yes.
It was built on the belief that
if we connected educated minds
with a strategic support system,
empowered them through high
impact transformative experience
with a local host family, then
and supported their commitments
to help that family overcome the
challenges of their development
as active citizens, then we can
strengthen our communities.
>> so basically, it sounds like
you're training students to
recognize and in some cases
advocate against injustice.
>> Yes.
>> Kathleen, you have a very
interesting story.
From what I was looking at you
kind of came from a tough
beginning to get where you are
now.
Talk about that.
>> I did.
I grew up in extreme poverty.
I really understand what our
farmers in rural Peru are
dealing with.
In rural Peru three of four
people live on less than $1.25 a
day and depend on agriculture
for their livelihood.
This technology is so effective
that studies have shown that it
can increase crop production by
up to 880%.
That's life changing for these
people.
>> we have got -- obviously
working with people in Peru,
working with ASU students to
understand refugee and immigrant
concerns, how do you go from --
that's a great idea, to possibly
seed money to get these things
really up and going?
>> Absolutely.
So at Arizona State University
part of why we were selected to
host this prestigious event is
we have a strong commitment to
entrepreneur on all four of our
campus.
Resources where students can go
for example a place called
change maker central, so a
student who identifies as being
a change maker, they want to
make an impact either locally or
globally, they find out about
the resources and tools that
they can use.
For all of the students who are
coming to campus, CGI has helped
with their own seed funding
competition called the
resolution project.
This weekend actually $100,000
in seed funding will be
distributed to participants.
>> Folks like ho Jew and
Kathleen, they go to people and
say, here's my idea?
>> For the resolution project in
particular there's been students
selected to pitch.
So on Saturday there will be a
period where students will be
delivering short elevator
pitches and a panel of judges
will decide who gets to take
home some of the seed funding.
>> this commitment to action,
turning ideas into action, were
there challenges along the way?
>> Most definitely.
I think the key insight that we
have gotten as a student group
is learning the gift of
collaboration.
Harnessing that gift.
Building collaborative
relationships not just with
other student leaders but also
with community partners, which
are helping us develop our
models.
>> sounds very busy for all of
you this weekend.
Congratulations.
Continued success.
We'll look forward to hearing
what comes out of this
initiative.
>> thank you.
>> Thank you, Ted
>> Tonight's edition of Arizona
Art Beat looks at a Phoenix
facility preserving drawings
from the past.
Ancient people had to find a way
to communicate with each other.
An hour thousands of years later
those ancient writings have been
unearthed.
Producer Shana fisher and
photographer Ed Kishel take us
on a journey to the past at the
deer valley rock art center.
>> What makes this museum
different is its setting.
>> It's an arc logical site.
47 acres are preserved.
>> The museum is nestled into
the hills near I-17 and deer
valley.
It's home to one of the best
examples in the world of
petroglyphs.
>> For thousands of years people
came to this place, either
during travels, some of them
stayed, and decided to make
marks in the form of carvings in
rock.
We call these petroglyphs.
These give us an idea of perhaps
what life was like in pre-is it
tore ick times.
We have the largest
concentration of rock art in
Phoenix.
We have over 1500 marks in one
hillside.
>> museum coordinator Cassandra
Hernandez says although we may
recognize symbol like human
stick figures, deer,
archaeologists can't say for
sure what they mean, but they do
know this was the earliest form
of communication between tribal
people.
The petroglyphs were discovered
after a series of floods in the
1970s.
>> The Army cops of engineers
built adobe dams here.
At the time the dam was going to
bring development to this part
of Phoenix, and so they
recommended that a museum was
built to preserve the
petroglyphs and also to function
as an interpretive center where
people could learn about the
history of Arizona.
>> she says the best time to
enjoy the petroglyphs is in the
morning when the sun isn't
overhead and you can see the
carvings clearly.
>> if you come early in the
morning you'll get a chance to
stroll through the acres of
desert landscape that we have, I
think we can hear Quail right
now.
We're a nature preserve so we
have many animals and plants
that you can learn about.
Also look at the exhibits and
learn something about the
peoples who were here before and
left the marks.
Also maybe come for one of our
events.
>> Tourists come from all over
the world to enjoy the scenery.
Chanele Casaboun is from
Montreal.
>> I really enjoy -- I'm used to
the very piney smell of Canada.
This is a very different feeling
to get an experience of just
outside of the city is also nice
to feel like you're a little far
away from everything else.
It's really nice.
>> For New Zealander Kristi
Williams, it piqued her
curiosity.
>> looking at the picture books,
look at the different plants,
all the different uses,
medicinal -- yes, Edible plants.
Apparently every plant out here
can be used in one way or
another.
So it was really interesting.
>> we should all be invested in
preserving places like this, not
damaging them, and being able to
share them with future
generations.
>> beyond that also to use them
as points of departure for our
own understanding.
These places give us access to I
want to call them emotional
geography.
The way that we connect to
place, to history, to time, to
landscape, and also it's
something that we want to
preserve for other people to
enjoy, for other people to have
that opportunity to reflect upon
their own lives that way.
So it's really important that we
leave things untouched.
There for centuries to come.
>> The museum was designed by
famed architect will Bruder to
look like a time machine
bridging the past with the
future.
>>> Friday on "Arizona Horizon,"
it's a journalists roundtable.
We'll compare recently released
House and Senate budgets with
the proposal from the governor's
office.
And will fights over education
standards derail budget
negotiations? those stories and
more Friday on the journalists'
roundtable.
That is it for now.
I'm Ted Simons.
Thank you so much for joining
us.
You have a great evening.
>>> "Arizona Horizon" made
possible by friends of 8,
members of your PBS station.
Thank you.
>>> When you want to be more
informed, 8 delivers news and
analysis with multiple
perspectives thanks to financial
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>> Virginia G. Piper charitable
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More information at Piper
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serving investors since 1809,
proudly supports quality
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>>> Later on 8H.D. --
>> Next time on DOC Martin,
Martin and Louisa finally walk
down the aisle.
Martin grumbles about uninvited
guests.
But their friends have a special
surprise for them.
>> You will be whisked away to a
luxury vacation with all the
trimmings.
>> It's the perfect honeymoon
until it isn't.
DOC Martin.
on 8H.D.
>>> Explore new ideas and new
worlds here on 8, Arizona PBS.
A community service of Arizona
State University.
>>> Do you love taking pictures?
Really, really good pictures?
Now you can share them with
everyone.
Join 8 online photo community
that's all about you.
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Showcases the best of Arizona
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We'll put the best in a book and
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>>> Coming soon to 8H.D.
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>> All I care about is you.
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>> mother and baby first.
Always.
make sure you're thinking of
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>>> When you want to be more
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>>> The Tempe festival of the
arts, in downtown Tempe.
Wind and beer tasting.
Crafts for kids, festival food.
>>> Support from Robeson resort
communities.
>> It was Ed Robeson's idea
giving active adults the freedom
of expression through thoughtful
design, inside the home and out.
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>> Six active adult communities
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from.
Is there such a thing as getting
to a good place in life?
This is it.