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First, I'm very thankful to the Korea Foundation for Advanced Studies
for inviting me to this huge event.
I give special thanks to President Park In-kook.
By hearing his good command of Chinese,
I regret not learning Korean early in my life.
If I did, I could have shown-off today by fluently speaking Korean.
Sadly I can't do that now.
However, President Park Geun-hye and Mr. Park In-kook's Chinese proficiency
makes me feel that Korea-China relation has stepped into the stage of rapid development.
Every one of us express one's view through other language
and this is how I want to develop bilateral relationship.
Today, I want to talk about
the change in foreign policy of China's new government.
Before discussing the change,
I'll talk about the unchanged part,
which is the remaining part from the old policy.
After President Xi Jinping was inaugurated,
many people imaged a huge change in foreign policy.
But these changes were just partial
and mostly were adjustments based on the old policy.
Therefore, I would like to explain unchanged parts.
Firstly, China's foreign policy is still concentrated on domestic economy development.
We assume that this will not change in today's government
and also will not change in the next government.
China, having 1.3billion population
must prioritize the development of economy.
As economy growth is directly connected with social evolution, stability and balance,
it can't be neglected.
Secondly, China's foreign policy still
considers China-US relation above all.
The question "should we really see the US as 'the center'?"
was controversial in China.
We need to understand the definition of 'the center'.
Regardless of whether China government sees the US as 'the center'
or continues China-US relation
considering the US's distinct characteristics,
China should emphasis on China-US relation.
It is because America is truly the most powerful state in the world.
If problems occur in China US relation, China will go through a hard time.
So even if it is difficult to improve China US relation,
China must put a lot of effort to it.
As you all know, President Xi Jinping visits America
even though he is not invited.
Although it is not a state visit, we are trying to discuss
with the US about the possibility of future development in China US relation.
Thirdly, China still wants to maintain peace.
To be clear, it means that China will not intervene in any kind of war.
This policy has been continued throughout 20 years, starting from the late 90s.
Our government will also apply this in the next ten years.
Related to this point, Korean citizens and scholars are interested in
whether China's policy of North Korea will prioritize denuclearization or regional stability.
What I think is that whether China's policy
about denuclearization in the Korean Peninsula changes or not,
China will put the issue of preventing Korea war before anything else.
Think for yourself.
Denuclearization can be achieved through war but
Chinese government does not want to pay the price for war.
War for denuclearizing the Korean Peninsula is not even an issue to the Chinese government.
Also, Chinese government will not
change the top policy of maintaining local stability.
Yesterday, one American scholar said that
Americans have complaints about China currently attempting to solve both
denuclearization in the Korean Peninsula and maintaining local stability.
Although China got better than the past but is still insufficient,
China also needs to concentrate more on denuclearizing the Korean Peninsula.
Think for yourself.
This means that if denuclearizing the Korean Peninsula is prioritized before
regional stability, than Chinese government is willing to have war to
form denuclearization when these two facts are collided.
Should either Korea or China prioritize regional stability?
Or should they prioritize denuclearization policy?
We are afraid of nuclear weapon because of war.
The thought itself of the US starting a war
to dispel these kinds of worries is not rational.
Fourthly, China is sticking to the foreign policy
by taking a serious view on relations with developing country.
After President Xi Jinping took the job,
he visited Africa, Latin America, Russia
and held the Brics' summit meeting by inviting South Africa.
This means the foreign policy of Chinese government is expected to put stress
on the relation of future diplomatic policy, and this is same with the past.
Today's topic is not about China's everlasting diplomatic policy
and is not about how China is consistent in maintaining it.
Today's topic is to talk about the change in Chinese policy.
Firstly, the past of Chinese policy was based on DoGwangYangHe
and now it has more international liability.
This is the change of principle.
Why is this called 'the change of principle'?
The first principle of 'DoGwangYangHe' is
staying back and not sticking into the bark.
AKA, not intervening with unrelated things.
Whereas, having more international liability means
intervening in things that are not directly related.
These two points are different.
Also, when a conflict occurs,
nation with international liability can be involved.
During Libyan civil war and Syria civil war,
the US, having no visible cause, could not get involved directly.
Unlike the US, France actively participated in both wars.
It is because they had international liability.
If one holds an international liability then it can actively participate.
To maintain peace and stability of East Asia,
China needs to hold more responsibility.
This means that it is difficult to maintain the rule for China
getting involved in collision as they did in the past and staying back.
Assuming higher international responsibility is
what the new Chinese government and the Foreign office emphasizes.
Second point is related to the first point.
Do not remain as spectators in collision
and take part in problems such as global stability and local stability.
In other words, China has started to launch a policy
actively participating in problems as global stability and local stability.
During Libyan civil war, happened in a far Middle East country, China did not
felt the necessity of intervening so China did not show any reaction.
However, during Syria war,
China took one side and carried out a support policy.
Now, China started to make its stance in conflicts among neighboring countries
about East Asia problems whether it is official or unofficial.
For example, when a dispute between Korea and Japan occurred,
Chinese government stood next to Korea.
China no longer say that they will not get intervene
as it is a conflict between Korea and Japan.
In every way, China
wants to show that we support Korea for Dokdo issue.
As you all know, the third change is that
China is isolated from international society for the past Cultural Revolution.
At that time, China did not have any trade with the outside, exchanging students,
and international marriage.
In times past, international marriage between Korea and China could not be found
but now it is gradually increasing.
After that, China announced the penetration of international society,
and the slogan for diplomatic policy was 'penetration of international society' for decades.
Now China is a member of WTO,
its stance changed from a beginner of entering the international society,
to a nation that plans for making new policy and development.
Recently, internet security was discussed in China.
There are not any definite laws established for Internet security.
After entering international society,
China is not just going beyond the step of accepting current laws
but is also making an effort on enacting law of nations and
is trying to discuss about solutions.
Trade matters are also included.
For example, as the US recently changed from free trade to protective trade,
they are insisting fair trade.
China is against this change.
China supports the principle of free trade
and will strengthen free trading zone and the principle of free trade.
If China worried about entering international society in the past,
they are now concerned about how to found a fair and
reasonable rule of international society.
Lately, in a flight to Seoul, I read a English newspaper published by Korea,
and saw an article about a discussion
between President Xi Jinping and Secretary General Ban Ki-moon.
It was about President Xi Jinping emphasizing
the importance of UN's fair support in justice when Ban Ki-moon visited China.
China will no longer just observe UN's act.
We used to stand back but not any more.
We think that UN should be an international organization showing fair and righteousness
and should also work in that way.
2 minutes left?
2minute・ Okay thank you.
Now let's talk about other changes in China.
China used to support the attraction of foreign capital and China's overseas expansion.
Recently, there has been a policy change in 'attraction of foreign capital'
and 'overseas expansion'.
We have started to concentrate not only on encouraging
'attraction of foreign capital' and 'overseas expansion'
but also on security of guaranteed profits.
Purposes of China's foreign policy and exchange used to be
expanding markets, inviting foreign capital, and technology but now it is different.
As China became the largest holder of foreign reserves in the world,
and as they encourage overseas investment and expanding business abroad,
a new problem came along.
It is the security of exported capital and manpower of company.
This is why Chinese government is changing policy
and concentrating more on security.
Lastly,
I'll explain about the policies that are likely to change in the future.
Firstly, from 1982, China has maintained
nonalignment policy till now.
Many people, especially Chinese,
have misunderstood that China is sticked to nonalignment policy.
However, this is totally wrong.
China started to carry out nonalignment policy from 1982.
The history of nonalignment policy does not even continue for a half century
during the past thousand years.
China is a country centered in alliance
and the concept of nonalignment policy was formed in the 70s.
What I think is that the nonalignment policy in China's history is
just for temporary policy and expedient.
It is just used as a temporary expedient when China was on a weak status.
We now expect that as the nation became powerful, it will adapt to the international society
trusting allies and turning to alliance policies.
If one cannot trust its allies than one cannot also trust nonaligned nations.
Therefore, when the gap between the US and China are narrowed,
China certainly will promote alliance with the US.
Also, this kind of alliance relationship
needs to be started from amity with surrounding nations.
Now Korea is America's ally,
but it is possible for Korea to become America's and China's ally.
For now it is a tough issue but as Korea and Japan are allies of the US,
one day China could become an ally with Korea and Japan.
Another expected change is as follows.
China will go beyond the diplomatic policy prioritizing national interests
and will start to consider international public interests.
China, continuously rising up,
lately mentioned about 'newest relation'.
In other words, diplomatic policy of China started to consider in terms of mutual profits,
and got out of its past thought as only emphasizing national interests
and concentrating on international interests.
Thank you.