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The history of animation started in the 1800s, where these following devices were invented.
John A. Paris made a disk with drawings on either side called the thaumatrope in 1826. When you spin it, it creates an illusion of the two images becoming one.
In 1831, Joseph Plateau's phenakistoscope was made. It has more drawings on it and also uses the spinning motion to see the animation.
William Horner invented the zoetrope in 1834, uses disks and strips with drawings inside a drum. You'll be able to see the animation through the slits around the drum if you spin it.
In 1861, Coleman Seller's kinematoscope uses pictures inside a barrel using a crank to make them flip one by one, like a larger version of a flip book.
The praxinoscope made by Emile Reynaud in 1877 uses the same spinning technique like the rest but you view the animation using mirrors so it's more clear and smooth.
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