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There's a tremendous amount that we need to know and I don't think it was really
until the Institute of Medicine report in 2001 came out
that we really started paying tremendous attention to you
gender and sex differences in patients and to
how they express the disease and how they respond
to therapeutics for disease or what are the most acceptable types of
therapeutics
based on those gender differences. We have seen some
differences in understanding important diseases like coronary artery disease.
That's a great example. For instance,
we found that man in women tend to be diagnosed at later stages in life.
Women tend to get it at a later stage in life but often they were being
misdiagnosed because they were presenting with what was referred to as
atypical symptoms of coronary artery disease. Men would have classic chest
pain or chest pressure, usually on the left side of the chest,
whereas women will tend to present
with indigestion, nausea and atypical pain maybe in the jaw.
And so we thought, and it looks like based on research that this is correct, that there was
a later stage if disease diagnosis occurring because
they were misinterpreting the symptoms that the patients presented with.
Now this happened only really during this century
that we started seeing really marked differences and started to
focus on those differences as ways to treat our patients.