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>>> HELLO, AND WELCOME TO "PRAIRIE PULSE".
COMING UP A LITTLE LATER IN THE SHOW WE WILL HEAR FROM THE BAND
CLEARWATER HOT CLUB FROM GRAND RAPID, MINNESOTA.
BUT FIRST JOINING ME IS JOHN PETERSON, HE IS AN ENGINEER AT
PRAIRIE PUBLIC BROADCASTING.
THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE.
>> YOU BET.
>> WE ASKED YOU FOR A CONTINUED DISCUSSION OF THE 50TH
ANNIVERSARY OF PRAIRIE PUBLIC BROADCASTING.
WE TALKED WITH WILL THOMAS AND ROB BUT WE WANT TO TALK ABOUT
THE TECHNOLOGY PART OF IT.
AS WE GET STARTED TELL THE FOLKS A LITTLE ABOUT YOURSELF AND YOUR BACKGROUND.
>> I'M FROM BAGLEY, MINNESOTA.
I WENT TO SCHOOL IN MOORHEAD, GOT MY DEGREE AND WORKING AT
PRAIRIE PUBLIC SINCE 1986.
>> HOW DID YOU END UP AT PRAIRIE PUBLIC?
>> I NEEDED A JOB AND I'VE BEEN THERE EVER SINCE.
>> YOU STAYED EVER SINCE SO IT MUST BE A GOOD PLACE TO WORK, I DON'T KNOW.
JOHN, TELL THE FOLKS ABOUT THE EARLY YEARS OF PRAIRIE PUBLIC.
WHAT KIND OF EQUIPMENT WOULD WE HAVE HAD WORKING BACK IN THE 60s, I GUESS.
>> WELL, NOT A LOT OF EQUIPMENT.
WHEN THEY FIRST WENT ON THE AIR THEY HAD THE TRANSMITTER GOT
THEM ON THE AIR, I THINK THEY HAD ONE CAMERA AND A TAPE
MACHINE AND FILM PROJECTOR, THEY DIDN'T HAVE MUCH.
SO, OVER THE YEARS THEY ADDED, THEY ADDED.
>> THAT SAID, WHAT HAVE BEEN SOME OF THE BIG CHANGES IN THE 60s, 70s AND 80s?
>> THE BIGGEST CHANGE I'VE SEEN AND I BROUGHT A PICTURE OF OUR
MASTER CONTROL FROM 1986 AND WHEN STARED THERE WAS REALLY
ONLY ONE COMPUTER IN THE ROOM AND NOW THERE'S ABOUT 13
COMPUTERS IN THAT ROOM SO THAT IS A BIG CHANGE.
>> THIS PICTURE IS FROM?
>> THAT IS FROM 1986.
>> OKAY.
>> THE NEXT PICTURE I WANTED TO SHOW IS THAT IS A PICTURE OF A 2
INCH MACHINE AND THE TAPE, THE 2
INCH TAPE MACHINE, THIS IS THE TAPE AND THE SIZE.
>> OVER THE YEARS TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPED BETTER TAPE MACHINES
AND THEY WENT TO A SMALLER TAPE.
AND THEN EACH TECHNOLOGY CHANGE DOWN TO THREE QUARTER INCH AND
EVENTUALLY WE GET DOWN TO A TAPE THIS SIZE AND AS WE WENT ALONG
NOW WE ARE DOWN TO PUTTING OUR
INFORMATION ON HARD DRIVES AND A DIGITAL TAPE FORMAT.
>> HMM.
WELL, SO, OBVIOUSLY TECHNOLOGY HAS ADVANCED TREMENDOUSLY.
YOU TALKED ABOUT EVERYTHING SEEMS TO BE SMALLER AND SMALLER
AND I THINK PEOPLE ARE AWARE OF THAT.
BUT WOULD EVERYBODY HAVE BEEN ABLE TO GET THE SIGNAL OR NOT?
WILL YOU TALK ABOUT THAT?
>> WHEN PRAIRIE PUBLIC FIRST WENT ON THE AIR IN '64 THEY DID
IT FROM A TRANSMITTER LOCATED IN SOUTH FARGO ON A PRETTY SHORT
TOWER BUT THE COVERAGE AREA WAS
JUST THE FARGO MOORHEAD AREA, MAYBE FURTHER.
AS THE YEARS WENT BY, OF COURSE, WE ADDED TRANSMITTERS AND THE
TRANSMITTER IN FARGO WAS UPGRADED TO MAKE IT A BIGGER COVERAGE AREA.
I THINK IT WAS IN 1973 THAT THE CHANNEL 2 TRANSMITTER WAS ADDED.
>> CHANNEL 2 DRANS MIER SERVING?
>> GRAND FORKS AND THE DEVIL LAKES AREA.
'79, 81, 82, THE TRANSMITTERS IN WESTERN NORTH DAKOTA WERE ADDED.
WE COVERED THE ENTIRE STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA EVENTUALLY BUT IN
'64 IT WAS A PRETTY SMALL AREA.
>> YOU KNOW, HOW WOULD LOCAL SHOWS HAVE BEEN EDITED BACK IN THOSE EARLY DAYS?
>> THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION.
UNFORTUNATELY I WASN'T HERE TO SEE IT, BUT IF I UNDERSTOOD IT
RIGHT, OF COURSE, THEY HAD TO RECORD IT ON TAPE THIS SIZE AND
THEY HAD NO EASY WAY TO EDIT THAT TAPE SO THEY DID IT MECHANICALLY, THEY WOULD
SPRINKLE SOME MAGNETIC POWDER ON THERE SO THEY KNEW WHERE TO CUT
THE TAPE AND THEY WOULD SLICE IT AND THEY WOULD TAPE IT TOGETHER
AND THAT IS HOW THEY WOULD ACTUALLY EDIT AN EARLY SHOW ON ONE OF THOSE TAPES.
>> I DON'T KNOW, PEOPLE CAN'T FEEL THIS, BUT THIS IS A HEAVY
AND THIS IS A 2 INCH TAPE, NOT EVEN THE BIGGEST REEL OUT THERE FOR MAGNETIC TAPE.
>> YES, THIS WAS A HALF HOUR'S WORTH OF PROGRAMMING.
YOU CAN IMAGINE THE TWO-HOUR TAPES YOU HAD TO LIFT WITH TWO HANDS.
>> SO, YOU KNOW, WE TALK ABOUT EARLY PLEDGE DRIVES AND WHAT
KIND OF CAMERAS AND MICROPHONES DID THEY USE?
>> WELL, AGAIN IN THE EARLY 60s THEY STARTED OUT WITH ONE
CAMERA, THEY DIDN'T HAVE A STUDIO AT FARGO, THE EARLY
PLEDGE DRIVES WERE HELD AT NDSU.
IT WAS SOMETIME IN THE 60s.
THERE WAS SOME GRANT, A GRANT PROGRAM CAME ALONG IN THE MID TO
LATE 60s THAT HELPED A LOT OF PUBLIC TV STATION GETTING EQUIPMENT.
IT STILL WAS DIFFICULT GETTING THE EQUIPMENT BECAUSE OF PRICE
AND THERE WAS A STATION IN MINNEAPOLIS THAT DONATED SOME
EQUIPMENT TO PRAIRIE PUBLIC, SO
THOSE OLD CAMERA PES PEDESTALS Y DONATED WERE USED BY US UP UNTIL NOT LONG AGO.
IT WAS NOT EASY.
>> WELL, SO, YOU TOLD US ABOUT THE EARLY YEARS BUT NOW WHEN --
DID PRAIRIE PUBLIC EVENTUALLY GO WHAT WE CALL A TAPELESSEN
VIERNMENT, ALL THE TAPES HAVE DISAPPEARED, A TAPELESS ENVIRONMENT.
ALL THE TAPES HAVE DISAPPEARED.
>> NOW WITH THE DIGITAL FORMAT I TALKED ABOUT, THE NEXT STEP IS
TO PUT IT INTO A COMPUTER, ONTO A HARD DRIVE AND THAT'S
SOMETHING THAT WE HAVE RECENTLY DONE AND, SO, ALL OF OUR
PROGRAMMING IS STORED AND PLAYED BACK BASICALLY LIKE A BIG COMPUTER.
WE HAVE GOT OVER 100 TERABITES OF STORAGE FOR ALL OUR PROGRAMS.
THIS TAPELESS ENVIRONMENT IS NICE EXCEPT FOR WHEN YOU DON'T
HAVE THE CONNECTION, THE CONNECTIVITY TO THAT AND YOU
NEED TO MOVE THINGS ABOUT, IT'S STILL NICE TO HAVE THE DIGITAL
INFORMATION ON A PHYSICAL MEDIA THAT YOU CAN STICK IN YOUR
POCKET AND TAKE IT WHEREVER YOU WANT.
>> YOU KNOW, LET'S TALK A LITTLE ABOUT, YOU SAID IN '86 MOST OF
THE TRANSMITTERS WERE DONE, BUT, SO, WHAT KIND OF COVERAGE AREA
DOES PRAIRIE PUBLIC HAVE RIGHT NOW?
>> WELL, THE ANALOG COVERAGE IN '86, LIKE I SAID, WAS ALL OF
NORTH DAKOTA, PARTS OF MONTANA, NORTHWESTERN MINNESOTA.
WE EVEN GOT INTO CANADA AND NORTHERN SOUTH DAKOTA.
ONE OF THE BIG THINGS THAT HAPPENED IN THE MID-70s WAS
THE CABLE SYSTEM IN WINNIPEG WAS ABLE TO PICK UP OUR COVERAGE
FROM GRAND FORKS AND PUT IT ON THE SYSTEM.
THE FIRST PLEDGE DRIVE THEY STARTED GETTING CALLS FROM CANADA.
THAT HELPED US OUT, THE POPULATION OF WINNIPEG IS QUITE LARGE.
>> YOU SAID THE INFRASTRUCTURE
OF HAVING THE TRANSMITTERS, WHAT CHALLENGES DOES THE MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENT HAVE?
>> THE TECHNOLOGY WE HAVE IS GOOD BUT IT TAKES MAINTENANCE
AND IT SPREAD ACROSS THE STATE FROM WINSTON, GRAND FORKS, FARGO
SO WE HAVE ENGINEERS IN BISMARCK AND ENGINEERS IN FARGO BUT THEY
END UP PUTTING IN A LOT OF WINDSHIELD TIME GETTING TO AND
FROM THE TRANSMITTER SITES AND OUR INNER CONNECTION SYSTEM HAS TO BE MAINTAINED.
>> WHEN YOU SAY INNER CONNECTION SYSTEM, WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?
>> WE HAVE MICRO WAVE RELAY SITE THAT TAKES OUR SIGNAL FROM FARGO
TO GRAND FORKS, OUT TO BISMARCK,
OUT TO MINOT AND OUT TO DICKINSON.
WE HAVE 25 DIFFERENT SITES SPREAD ACROSS THE STATE.
>> SO, WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A TRANSMITTER GOES DOWN AND RECEPTION IS LOST?
>> NORMALLY IF A TRANSMITTER GOES DOWN OBVIOUSLY THERE ARE
TWO MAIN CAUSES, THE TRANSMITTER ITSELF FAILS OR MORE LIKELY
THERE HAS BEEN A POWER FAILURE.
IF WE ARE NOT BACK ON THE AIR WITHIN A FEW HOURS, THEN USUALLY
THERE IS SOMETHING MORE DRASTICALLY WRONG.
BUT ONCE THE TRANSMITTER GOES DOWN AN ENGINEER GETS DISPATCHED TO THAT SITE.
WE CAN MONITOR ALL OUR TRANSMITTERS FROM HERE SO WE KNOW IF IT'S A POWER OUTAGE OR
ACTUAL PROBLEM WITH THE TRANSMITTER.
>> JOHN, I KNOW ONE OF THE BIGGEST CHANGES SINCE YOU HAVE
BEEN HERE WAS WHEN TELEVISION WAS MANDATED TO MAKE THE HIGH
DEFINITION SWITCH OR THE DIGITAL SWITCH STARTED 10 OR 12 YEARS AGO.
CAN YOU TALK ABOUT HOW PRAIRIE PUBLIC WAS INVOLVED AND A LEADER IN THIS AREA?
>> WE WERE ONE OF THE FIRST TO GO DIGITAL WITH OUR BISMARCK
TRANSMITTER AND WE WORKED WITH THE AFFILIATE IN BISMARCK AND WE
ACTUALLY CO-LOCATED AT OUR SITE AND SHARED AN ANTENNA FOR QUITE A WHILE WITH THEM.
THEY SINCE HAVE MOVED BACK TO THEIR ORIGINAL TRANSMITTER SITE.
THAT WAS BACK IN '99 WE STARTED THAT PROJECT AND I THINK WE ARE
ON THE ERROR AIR EARLY 2000.
>> TALK ABOUT THE DIFFICULTY CONVERTING ALL THOSE TOWERS TO DIGITAL AND THE PRICE.
>> WE HAD TO STAY ONLINE WITH OUR ANALOG AND HAVE THE DIGITAL ON.
THE TOWERS ARE ONLY BUILT TO HANDLE SO MANY ANTENNAS SO A LOT
OF THE TOWERS HAD TO BE UPGRADED BECAUSE A TV TRANSMITTING
ANTENNA CAN WEIGH FROM TWO TO 12,000 POUND, THEY ARE LARGE AND HEAVY.
SO WE SPENT ABOUT ON AVERAGE ALMOST A MILLION DOLLARS PER SITE WITH ADDING ANOTHER
TRANSMITTER FOR THE DIGITAL CHANNEL.
ADDING AN ANTENNA, ADDING LINE, UPGRADE WILLING THE TOUTERS, SO
ABOUT A MILLION DOLLARS PER TRANSMITTER, WE DID 8
TRANSMITTERS OUT THERE, SO THAT WAS A LOT OF MONEY.
AND THEN IN ADDITION TO THAT, OF COURSE, A DIGITAL TRANSMITTER
DOESN'T DO YOU ANY GOOD IF YOU ARE JUST FEEDING YOUR OLD ANALOG SIGNAL.
WE HAD TO UPGRADE OUR INFRASTRUCTURE FOR DIGITAL INCLUDING THE MICRO WAVE SYSTEM.
FOR THAT, FOR EACH TRANSMITTER WE SPENT PROBABLY ANOTHER THREE
QUARTERS OF A MILLION JUST GETTING THE SIGNAL TO IT, SO YOU
CAN SEE THE NUMBERS START TO ADD UP AND WE SPENT, I'M SURE, BE
CLOSE TO 14 MILLION JUST GETTING THE DIGITAL SIGNAL ON ACROSS THE
STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA.
>> AND YOU TALKED ABOUT STUDIO CAMERAS.
>> RIGHT, AND THEN THERE'S THE CAMERAS YOU ARE LOOKING AT US
WITH RIGHT NOW, THOSE COSTS ARE IMMENSE.
YOU ARE TALKING $100,000 A CAMERA.
AND THEN OUR FACILITY, OUR INFRA STRUCTURE TO HANDLE THE HIGH
DEFINITION PROGRAMMING TO STORE IT AND PLAY IT OUT, HUNDRED OF THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS.
>> IN YOUR OPINION HAS HIGH DEFINITION TELEVISION IMPROVED CONSUMER VIEWING?
>> IMMENSLY.
>> THE BIG THING WITH DIGITAL IS WE WENT WIDE SCREEN AND THEN
WE ADDED THE HIGH DEFINITION.
WITH THE WIDE SCREEN YOU GET OBVIOUSLY MORE VIEW OF WHAT IS
TAKING PLACE LIKE WITH CONCERTS OR SPORTING EVENT AND THINGS LIKE THAT.
THE OTHER THING IS THE EXPRESSION ON PEOPLE'S FACES.
A GOOD EXAMPLE FOR LOCAL PROGRAMMING IS THE CONCORDIA
CHRISTMAS PROGRAM OR ST. OLOF CONCERT, YOU CAN SEE THE EXPRESSIONS ON THE PEOPLE SINGING.
IT'S FOUR TIMES THE PICTURE INFORMATION AND, YOU KNOW, OBVIOUSLY IF YOU CAN SEE
DETAILS, A PICTURE IS WORTH A THOUSAND WORDS.
IF YOU CAN SEE THE DETAILS IT MAKES A BIG DIFFERENCE.
>> SO, WHAT IS THE FUTURE OF TECHNOLOGY IN TELEVISION AND
WHAT ARE SOME OF THE THINGS MAYBE PRAIRIE PUBLIC IS WORKING ON?
>> WELL, ONE OF THE THINGS I THINK IS INTERESTING IS THEY ARE
ALREADY TALKING ABOUT ALTER-HD.
THEY TALK ABOUT THE SWITCH FROM ANALOG, HD DIGITAL WAS ABOUT FOUR TIMES THE PICTURE
INFORMATION.
WELL, ULTRA HD IS ANOTHER FOUR TIMES THE AMOUNT OF INFORMATION AS HD.
AND TO REALLY TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THAT IN THE HOME VIEWING ARENA
YOU WOULD NEED A PRETTY LARGE SCREEN THERE, PROBABLY 65 INCHES OR BIGGER.
AND THEN THE DIFFICULTY IS IT'S FOUR TIMES THE AMOUNT OF
INFORMATION AND THAT IS A LOT TO DELIVER TO A HOME.
BUT AS WE MOVE TO THE FUTURE AND THERE ARE WAYS TO COMPRESS THAT
INFORMATION AND GET IT TO THE VIEWER, WHETHER IT BE THROUGH
THE TRANSMITTER OR THROUGH OTHER MEANS SUCH AS OUR YouTube CHANNEL.
>> WE WILL GET OVER TO THAT BUT I WANT TO FOLLOW-UP.
CONSUMER ELECTRONICS RECENTLY HAD A MEETING, YOU AND OTHER
ENGINEERS GO TO THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF BROADCASTERS AND
ARE ALWAYS STUDYING AND LOOKING AT THE NEW TECHNOLOGIES.
>> YES.
>> HOW IMPORTANT IS IT TO KEEP UP WITH THAT?
>> VERY IMPORTANT ESPECIALLY OVER THE LAST 15 YEARS TECHNOLOGY CHANGES FAST AND IF
YOU BUY SOMETHING TODAY, YOU ARE ALMOST GUARANTEED IT WILL BE
OBSOLETE IN A YEAR, BUT THE TRICK IS TO TRY TO FINE THE TECHNOLOGIES THAT AREN'T
OBSOLETE QUITE SO QUICK.
YOU CAN SPEND A LOT OF MONEY
BEING OBJECT S OBJEC OBSOLETED .
>> YOU TALKED ABOUT OUR YouTube CHANNEL, WILL YOU TALK ABOUT HOW IT HAS BENEFITED
PRAIRIE PUBLIC.
>> YOU TALK ABOUT VIDEO ON DEMAND, A LOT OF PEOPLE LEAD
BUSY LIVES AND THEY CAN'T WATCH A PROGRAM AT 7:00 ON FRIDAY
NIGHT OR 8:00 ON FRIDAY NIGHT.
SO, HAVING THE ABILITY TO PUT IT ON YouTube AND GET IT OUT TO
OUR CONSUMER THAT WAY HAS BEEN GOOD.
WE HAVE BEEN PUTTING THE VIDEOS ON IN HD AND, SO, DEPENDING ON
HOW THE VIEWER WATCHES IT, THEY CAN SEE IT IN HD OR YouTube.
>> YOU TALK ABOUT, I'M JUST SITTING HERE STARING, YOU HAVE
TUBES, TUBES ARE A THING OF THE PAST, RIGHT?
>> WE HAVEN'T HAD ANY EQUIPMENT HERE WITH TUBES, ABOUT THE TIME
I STARTED WAS ABOUT THE TIME MOST OF THE TUBES WERE GONE.
BUT THE TECHNOLOGY, HERE WE HAVE A TRANSISTOR AND THAT WAS THE
NEXT STEP AND WE STILL HAVE SOME EQUIPMENT RUNNING THAT HAS
TRANSISTORS IN IT, NOT MUCH BUT A FEW THINGS AND THE IC,
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT AND THEN THE NEXT STEP AS YOU CAN SEE ON THE
BACK OF THE HARD DRIVE THE ICs THAT ARE WHAT THEY CALL LARGE SCALE, YOU KNOW.
>> OKAY.
THEY ARE SHOWING IT THERE.
>> ALL RIGHT.
AND, SO, THE TECHNOLOGY THERE HAS CHANGED AND, OBVIOUSLY, FROM
THE TECHNICIAN'S STANDPOINT KEEPING UP WITH THE TECHNOLOGY HAS BEEN DIFFICULT.
>> JOHN, WHAT KIND OF QUESTIONS DO YOU SORT OF HANDLE FROM THE
PUBLIC ON A WEEKLY BASIS?
>> MOST OF THEM ARE RECEPTION QUESTIONS.
I STILL TAKE PROBABLY ONE A WEEK ON RECEPTION QUESTIONS.
FOR A WHILE IT WAS PROBABLY TWO OR THREE A DAY.
WHEN WE MADE THE CONVERSION FROM ANALOG TO DIGITAL, THERE WAS A
COUPLE YEAR PERIOD THERE WHERE I PROBABLY TOOK OVER A THOUSAND
CALLS IN ABOUT A 18-MONTH PERIOD.
AND IT WAS KIND OF HECTIC, BUT I THINK WE HAVE GOT MOST PEOPLE
CONVERTED OVER AND HAPPY WITH THEIR RECEPTION.
THERE ARE STILL PEOPLE THAT CALL OCCASIONALLY IF THEY ARE
DROPPING THEIR CABLE AND WANT TO PICK US UP OVER THE AIR, AND
THEN THERE ARE PEOPLE THAT MOVE AND HAVE DIFFICULTY GETTING IT
OR THINGS GO WRONG AND THEY CAN'T FIGURE OUT WHAT IS GOING WRONG.
FEEL FREE TO GIVE ME A CALL, I'M HERE AND I CAN ANSWER QUESTIONS,
I CAN'T GUARANTEE I CAN SOLVE EVERY PROBLEM BUT I WILL SURE TRY.
>> YOU KNOW, SOME PEOPLE TALKED ABOUT CABLEZATION, NETFLIX BEING
THE DEATH OF TV, BUT WITH BROADCAST TV, IT WILL STILL BE
AROUND FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS.
>> QUITE A WHILE.
THERE IS, FOR US TO TRANSMIT A HD SIGNAL AND IT CAN BE RECEIVED
ANYWHERE IN NORTH DAKOTA, MONTANA, OR PARTS OF MONTANA ANG
THAT YOU CAN'T NECESSARILY GET THROUGH THE INTERNET BECAUSE
SOME PEOPLE DON'T HAVE GOOD INTERNET CONNECTIONS OR YOU ARE
HAVING TO PAY A LOT OF MONEY FOR THE INTERNET.
>> FOR MORE INFORMATION WHERE CAN PEOPLE GO.
>> TO OUR WEBSITE OR IF YOU HAVE TECHNICAL QUESTIONS, GIVE ME A CALL.
I'M EXTENSION 503.
>> THANKS, JOHN, FOR JOINING US.
>> THE CLEARWATER HOT CLUB FROM NORTHERN MINNESOTA IS A BAND
DEDICATED TO GYPSY SWING AND GENTLEMAN'S, IT INCLUDE TRADITIONAL FOLK.
SIT BACK AND ENJOY THE UNIQUE SOUND OF THE CLEARWATER HOT CLUB.
>> HELLO, MY NAME IS SAM AND I AM THE BAND LEADER OF THE
CLEARWATER HOT CLUB, WE ARE BASED OUT OF GRAND RAPIDS, MINN.
WE PLAY GYPSY JAZZ WHICH WAS PIONEERED BY TWO MEN.
GYPSY JAZZ CAN BE DESCRIBE ASSESSALLY SWING MUSIC THAT IS
PLAYED ON STRING INSTRUMENTS AS OPPOSED TO HORNS.
IT WAS ORIGINALLY CONCEIVED IN PARIS IN THE 1930s AND 40s.
THE ORIGINAL HOT CLUB OF FRANCE WAS BASED IN FRANCE AND
ESSENTIALLY WHAT IT WAS WAS A
GROUP OF JAZZ AFFICIANODOS THAT GOT TOGETHER IN A CLUB AND
COLLECTED RECORD BECAUSE IT WAS NOT EASY TO GET JAZZ RECORDS IN EUROPE.
WHEN THE TWO MEN HEARD THE HOT JAZZ PLAYED BY AMERICANS THEY
DECIDED TO PLAY IT BUT INSTEAD OF PLAYING ON HORNS THEY PLAYED
WITH STRING INSTRUMENTS, VIOLIN
>> WELL, THAT'S ALL WE HAVE ON "PRAIRIE PULSE" THIS WEEK.
FUNDING IS PROVIDED BY THE MINNL HERITAGE FUND.
AND BY THE MEMBERS OF PRAIRIE PUBLIC